Peripheral nerve magnetic resonance imaging.
Peripheral nerve magnetic resonance imaging.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.19695.1
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li, Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Yongsheng;Haacke, E Mark;Li, Jun
磁共振成像(MRI)已被广泛应用于揭示中枢神经系统的病理变化。然而，到目前为止，MRI在评估周围神经系统(PNS)方面还没有得到充分利用。这种未充分利用的情况通常是由于MRI的两个明显弱点：第一，需要非常高的分辨率来成像周围神经内的小结构以可视化形态变化；第二，在MRI中缺乏关于三叉神经核的标准化数据，这使得对数据的可靠解释变得困难。本文综述了目前人类周围神经在体磁共振成像的最新研究进展。它的目的是确定已经取得进展的领域和仍需进一步改进的领域。特别是，随着许多新疗法的出现，这篇综述阐述了如何使用MRI来提供非侵入性和客观的生物标记物来评估周围神经疾病。虽然有许多技术可用于诊断和跟踪三叉神经节的病理，但这些技术通常针对远端周围神经，而远端神经在患者第一次临床就诊时可能完全退化。这些技术也可能无法接触到深埋在组织中的近端神经。外周神经核磁共振将是绕过这些问题的另一种选择。为了解决紧迫的临床需求，本综述以3T的临床方案结束，该方案将允许对近端周围神经进行高分辨率、高对比度、定量的MRI。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used extensively in revealing pathological changes in the central nervous system. However, to date, MRI is very much underutilized in evaluating the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This underutilization is generally due to two perceived weaknesses in MRI: first, the need for very high resolution to image the small structures within the peripheral nerves to visualize morphological changes; second, the lack of normative data in MRI of the PNS and this makes reliable interpretation of the data difficult. This article reviews current state-of-the-art capabilities in in vivo MRI of human peripheral nerves. It aims to identify areas where progress has been made and those that still require further improvement. In particular, with many new therapies on the horizon, this review addresses how MRI can be used to provide non-invasive and objective biomarkers in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathies. Although a number of techniques are available in diagnosing and tracking pathologies in the PNS, those techniques typically target the distal peripheral nerves, and distal nerves may be completely degenerated during the patient's first clinic visit. These techniques may also not be able to access the proximal nerves deeply embedded in the tissue. Peripheral nerve MRI would be an alternative to circumvent these problems. In order to address the pressing clinical needs, this review closes with a clinical protocol at 3T that will allow high-resolution, high-contrast, quantitative MRI of the proximal peripheral nerves.