Context Effects in Running Memory
Context Effects in Running Memory
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DOI：
10.2466/pr0.1963.12.2.451
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发表时间：
1963-04
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
M. Moore;B. M. Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Moore;B. M. Ross
7 组大学年龄的学生试图回忆起 42 个连续符号中倒数第二个符号与所看到的符号是否“相同”或“不同”。其中 6 个小组还预测了连续试验的回忆结果。预期不会影响保留，但预测会导致对符号运行敏感的负面近因效应。记忆错误的结果与固定运行回忆范围的概念相矛盾。发现了以下证据：（a）对倒数第二个符号之前的符号的回忆泛化，以及（b）良好的回忆准确性，其中所查看的符号与其最后出现的符号至少有三个中间符号分开。从联想形成的角度考虑短期记忆被认为是不够的。
7 groups of college-age Ss attempted to recall whether the next to last symbol was the “same” or “different” from the viewed symbol in a running series of 42 symbols. 6 of the groups also predicted the recall outcome on successive trials. Expectancy did not influence retention, but a negative recency effect sensitive to symbol runs resulted from predictions. Results from memory errors contradicted the concept of a fixed running recall-span. Evidence was found for (a) recall generalization to the symbol before the next to last symbol and (b) good recall accuracy where the viewed symbol was separated from its last occurrence by at least three intervening symbols. Consideration of short-term memory from the standpoint of association formation is deemed inadequate.