Self-organization of reflexive behavior from spontaneous motor activity
Self-organization of reflexive behavior from spontaneous motor activity
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DOI：
10.1007/s00422-012-0521-7
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Pfeifer, Rolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marques, Hugo Gravato;Imtiaz, Farhan;Pfeifer, Rolf
在哺乳动物中，反射的发展通常被认为是一个先天的过程。然而，最近的研究结果表明，胎儿被赋予了有利的条件，为个体发育。在这篇文章中，我们假设，至少有一些哺乳动物的反射电路可以自组织的感觉和运动的相互作用带来的肌肉骨骼系统。我们主要集中在三个反射：肌张力反射，相互抑制反射，和反向肌张力反射。为了验证我们的假设，我们进行了一系列的实验模拟肌肉骨骼系统使用对激动剂和拮抗剂肌肉。通过在每块肌肉中产生自发运动活动并将所得传感器和运动信号相关联来获得反射连接。我们的研究结果表明，在生物学上合理的条件下，反射电路，从而获得与类似的哺乳动物反射中确定的一致。此外，他们还表明，获得的反射连接取决于肌肉骨骼系统的形态以及它所处的环境。
In mammals, the development of reflexes is often regarded as an innate process. However, recent findings show that fetuses are endowed with favorable conditions for ontogenetic development. In this article, we hypothesize that the circuitry of at least some mammalian reflexes can be self-organized from the sensory and motor interactions brought forth in a musculoskeletal system. We focus mainly on three reflexes: the myotatic reflex, the reciprocal inhibition reflex, and the reverse myotatic reflex. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a set of experiments on a simulated musculoskeletal system using pairs of agonist and antagonist muscles. The reflex connectivity is obtained by producing spontaneous motor activity in each muscle and by correlating the resulting sensor and motor signals. Our results show that, under biologically plausible conditions, the reflex circuitry thus obtained is consistent with that identified in relation to the analogous mammalian reflexes. In addition, they show that the reflex connectivity obtained depends on the morphology of the musculoskeletal system as well as on the environment that it is embedded in.