The contribution of natural and anthropogenic very short-lived species to stratospheric bromine
The contribution of natural and anthropogenic very short-lived species to stratospheric bromine
复制标题
自然和人为寿命非常短的物种对平流层溴的贡献
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Elkins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hossaini;M. Chipperfield;W. Feng;T. Breider;E. Atlas;S. Montzka;B. Miller;F. Moore;J. Elkins
抽象。利用全球三维化学输运模式，定量研究了极短寿命物质CHBr 3，CH 2Br 2，CHBr 2Cl，CHBrCl 2，CH 2BrCl和C2 H5-Br对平流层溴收支的影响.这些气体的大气观测允许限制表面混合比，当纳入我们的模型，有助于~4.9-5.2万亿分之一（ppt）的无机溴（Br y）的平流层。其中，约76%来自自然排放的CHBr 3和CH 2 Br 2。其余的物种各自贡献了适度的数量。然而，它们的累计总量占供应量的约1.2 ppt，因此不应被忽视。我们将一系列VSLS的模拟热带剖面与最近2009年NSF HIPPO-1飞机活动的观测结果进行了比较。模拟的配置文件同意相当不错，从地面到热带对流层顶下层的观测。我们还考虑了研究较少的人为VSLS，C2 H5 Br，CH 2BrCH 2Br，n-C3 H7 Br和i-C3 H7 Br.我们发现这些物种在热带对流层顶的大气寿命分别为~183，603，39和49天。因此，如果排放量大幅度增加，这些物质，特别是C 2 H 5 Br和CH 2 BrCH 2 Br，将成为平流层溴的重要载体。我们的模型显示，热带边界层中这些物种中约70- 73%和约80- 85%的溴可以到达平流层下部。
Abstract. We have used a global three-dimensional chemical transport model to quantify the impact of the very short-lived substances (VSLS) CHBr 3 , CH 2 Br 2 , CHBr 2 Cl, CHBrCl 2 , CH 2 BrCl and C 2 H 5 -Br on the bromine budget of the stratosphere. Atmospheric observations of these gases allow constraints on surface mixing ratios that, when incorporated into our model, contribute ~4.9–5.2 parts per trillion (ppt) of inorganic bromine (Br y ) to the stratosphere. Of this total, ~76 % comes from naturally-emitted CHBr 3 and CH 2 Br 2 . The remaining species individually contribute modest amounts. However, their accumulated total accounts for up to ~1.2 ppt of the supply and thus should not be ignored. We have compared modelled tropical profiles of a range of VSLS with observations from the recent 2009 NSF HIPPO-1 aircraft campaign. Modelled profiles agree reasonably well with observations from the surface to the lower tropical tropopause layer. We have also considered the poorly studied anthropogenic VSLS, C 2 H 5 Br, CH 2 BrCH 2 Br, n -C 3 H 7 Br and i -C 3 H 7 Br. We find the local atmospheric lifetime of these species in the tropical tropopause layer are ~183, 603, 39 and 49 days, respectively. These species, particularly C 2 H 5 Br and CH 2 BrCH 2 Br, would thus be important carriers of bromine to the stratosphere if emissions were to increase substantially. Our model shows ~70–73 % and ~80–85 % of bromine from these species in the tropical boundary layer can reach the lower stratosphere.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Breider, T. J.;Chipperfield, M. P.;Spracklen, D. V.
通讯作者：
Spracklen, D. V.
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
R. Hossaini;M. Chipperfield;B. Monge-Sanz;N. Richards;E. Atlas;D. Blake
通讯作者：
R. Hossaini;M. Chipperfield;B. Monge-Sanz;N. Richards;E. Atlas;D. Blake
三维化学输运模型中云对流和示踪剂输运的评估
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Feng W
通讯作者：
Feng W