VALIDITY OF SELF-REPORTED DRUG-USE AMONG INJECTION-DRUG USERS AND CRACK COCAINE USERS RECRUITED THROUGH STREET OUTREACH
VALIDITY OF SELF-REPORTED DRUG-USE AMONG INJECTION-DRUG USERS AND CRACK COCAINE USERS RECRUITED THROUGH STREET OUTREACH
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DOI：
10.1016/0149-7189(94)90035-3
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发表时间：
1994-10-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
CHITWOOD, DD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WEATHERBY, NL;NEEDLE, R;CHITWOOD, DD
本文探讨了自我报告的吸毒情况作为行为改变衡量标准的有效性，以评估吸毒预防和艾滋病毒风险降低计划。 尿液分析结果用于评估来自 4 个城市的 154 名受试者在过去 48 小时内对国家药物滥用研究所 (NIDA) 风险行为评估 (RBA) 中有关药物使用问题的回答。 该仪器目前正在美国各地的 21 项研究中使用。 与刑事司法或就业环境中倾向于少报吸毒情况不同，这项研究的参与者的行为更像是寻求治疗的人群，报告吸毒情况的可能性比检测呈阳性的可能性稍高一些。 86.3% 的报告使用某种形式可卡因的受试者 (Kappa = .658) 和 84.9% 的海洛因使用者 (Kappa = .631) 的尿液分析和自我报告一致。 报告吸毒且检测呈阴性的受试者百分比略高于报告未吸毒且可卡因（7.8% vs. 5.8%）和海洛因（9.7% vs. 5.2%）检测呈阳性的受试者百分比。 结果表明，未接受治疗、非机构化人群的自我报告药物使用情况足以准确地衡量危险行为实践的变化。 如果受访者被以非威胁性的方式询问他们的吸毒情况，并且他们确信结果的保密性，则可能没有必要进行尿液分析。
This paper examines the validity of self-reported drug use as a measure of behavior change for the evaluation of drug use prevention and HIV risk reduction programs. The results of urinalysis are used to evaluate responses from 154 subjects from 4 cities to questions about drug use in the past 48 hours in the National Institute on Drug Abuse's (NIDA) Risk Behavior Assessment (RBA). This instrument is currently being used in 21 studies throughout the United States. Unlike criminal justice or employment settings where there is a tendency to underreport drug use, participants in this research study acted more like a treatment seeking population and were slightly more likely to report drug use than to be tested positive. Urinalysis and self-reports agreed for 86.3% of the subjects who reported use of some form of cocaine (Kappa = .658) and 84.9% of the heroin users (Kappa = .631). The percentage of subjects reporting drug use and testing negative was somewhat higher than the percentage reporting no use and testing positive for both cocaine (7.8% vs. 5.8%) and heroin (9.7% vs. 5.2%). The results suggest that self-reported drug use in not-in-treatment, noninstitutionalized populations is accurate enough for measuring changes in risk behavior practces. Urinalysis may not be necessary if respondents are asked about their drug use in a nonthreatening manner, and if they are assured of the confidentiality of their results.