Effects of organic vs. conventional farming system on yield and quality of strawberry grown as an annual or biennial crop in southern Italy
Effects of organic vs. conventional farming system on yield and quality of strawberry grown as an annual or biennial crop in southern Italy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2014.10.015
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发表时间：
2014-12-17
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Caruso, Gianluca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti, Stefano;Villari, Gerardo;Caruso, Gianluca
有机食品代表了全球食品行业的一个重要细分市场，因为这些产品通常被认为比传统产品更安全，更有营养。由于有机草莓种植在意大利的几个农业区日益重要，我们进行了为期四年的研究（2008-2011）在坎帕尼亚隧道下生长的草莓x ananassa（意大利南部），目的是评估两种农业系统的影响（有机或常规）结合繁殖材料（新鲜或冷藏植物）和作物持续时间（一年或两年）对产量和质量的影响。试验处理采用裂区随机设计，将耕作制度分配到主区，将繁殖材料与作物持续时间因子结合分配到子区，重复三次，常规系统产量最高，因为单株果实数较高，而有机管理导致浆果平均重量增加。有机水果的干物质和光学残留量较高，葡萄糖、蔗糖、维生素C和β-胡萝卜素含量较高，硝酸盐含量较低。新鲜植物作物的产量低于冷藏作物;此外，新鲜植物的果实产量在一年生作物种植时高于两年生作物，独立于耕作制度。在冷藏植物的情况下，在常规管理下，一年生和两年生栽培之间没有产量差异，而冷藏植物的有机作物显示出更高的产量作为一年生作物相比，两年期的周期。结果表明，二年生果树果实干物质残留量、蔗糖、苹果酸和矿质元素含量均高于一年生果树，有机栽培系统比传统栽培系统具有更好的果实品质、更低的环境影响和更高的市场价格。此外，当作物从有机管理下的冷藏植物开始时，两年期作物期可能是一个具有成本效益的选择。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Organic foods represent a significant market segment within the global food industry, since these products are often believed to be safer and more nutritious than their conventional counterparts. Due to the growing importance of organic strawberry cultivation for several agricultural areas in Italy, we carried out a four year research (2008-2011) on Fragaria x ananassa grown under tunnel in Campania (southern Italy), with the purpose of assessing the effects of two farming systems (organic or conventional) combined with propagation material (fresh or cold stored plants) and crop duration (annual or biennial) on yield and quality. The experimental treatments were randomized in a split-plot design, assigning the farming systems to the main plots and the propagation material in factorial combination with the crop duration to the subplots, with three replicates.The conventional system produced the highest yield, as a consequence of the higher fruit number per plant, while the organic management resulted in increased berry mean weight. Organic fruits showed higher values of dry and optical residue and higher content of glucose, sucrose, vitamin C and beta-carotene but lower nitrate. Fresh plant crops produced a lower yield than the cold stored ones; moreover, the fruit production of fresh plants was higher when grown as an annual crops compared with a biennial cycle, independently on the farming system. In the case of cold stored plants, no yield differences were recorded between annual and biennial cultivations under conventional management, whereas organic crops from cold stored plants showed higher yields as annual crops compared with the biennial cycle. Fruit dry residue as well as sucrose, malic acid and mineral element content attained higher values in the fruits harvested from biennial crops than from the annual ones.The choice of organic system as an alternative to the conventional practice could be justified by the better fruit quality, lower environmental impact and higher market prices. Moreover, the biennial crop duration could be a cost effective option when the crop is started from cold stored plants under organic management. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.