Influence of Race/Ethnicity on Genetic Counseling and Testing for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Influence of Race/Ethnicity on Genetic Counseling and Testing for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00798.x
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hall, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forman, Andrea D.;Hall, Michael J.
风险评估与癌症易感基因BRCA1和BRCA2(BRCA1/2)的遗传咨询和检测相结合，已成为美国对符合遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌(HBOC)高风险标准的患者进行全面评估和癌症风险管理的不可或缺的要素。对于突变携带者来说，几种风险修改选项已经实现了未来癌症风险的大幅降低。然而，最近的几项研究表明，在少数族裔人群中，BRCA1/2咨询和测试的比率较低。在这里，我们探索种族/民族在癌症风险评估、遗传咨询和对HBOC和BRCA1/2癌症易感基因的基因测试中的作用。将审查与种族/族裔和未得到充分服务的人群有关的遗传服务障碍，包括社会经济障碍(例如，时间、获得机会、地理、语言/文化、意识、成本)和心理社会障碍(例如，医疗不信任、对基因服务的不利认识)，以及一旦发现突变携带者，就会遇到更多的护理障碍。
Risk assessment coupled with genetic counseling and testing for the cancer predisposition genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) has become an integral element of comprehensive patient evaluation and cancer risk management in the United States for individuals meeting high-risk criteria for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). For mutation carriers, several options for risk modification have achieved substantial reductions in future cancer risk. However, several recent studies have shown lower rates of BRCA1/2 counseling and testing among minority populations. Here, we explore the role of race/ethnicity in cancer risk assessment, genetic counseling and genetic testing for HBOC and the BRCA1/2 cancer predisposition genes. Barriers to genetic services related to race/ethnicity and underserved populations, including socioeconomic barriers (e.g., time, access, geographic, language/cultural, awareness, cost) and psychosocial barriers (e.g., medical mistrust, perceived disadvantages to genetic services), as well as additional barriers to care once mutation carriers are identified, will be reviewed.