On the Use of Thermal Energy Storage for Flexible Baseload Power Plants: Thermodynamic Analysis of Options for a Nuclear Rankine Cycle
On the Use of Thermal Energy Storage for Flexible Baseload Power Plants: Thermodynamic Analysis of Options for a Nuclear Rankine Cycle
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关于灵活基荷发电厂热能存储的使用：核朗肯循环方案的热力学分析
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发表时间：
2020
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通讯作者：
J. Davidson
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作者：
Fletcher Carlson;J. Davidson
风能和太阳能的间歇性可能会破坏公用事业公司必须保持的动态平衡，以满足不断波动的需求。这项工作研究了使用热能储存(TES)来增加基本负荷发电厂的操作灵活性，从而激励可再生能源和电网脱碳。核电厂的第一定律和第二定律热力学模型建立了TES对核电站容量系数和热效率的影响。考虑了四种储存方案，它们的区别在于蒸汽在循环中的位置，以及TES的排放是通过一次朗肯循环还是二次朗肯循环。将TES与蒸汽旁路进行比较，后者是提供基本负荷灵活性的替代方案。TES明显优于蒸汽旁路手术。通过将水分分离器/再热器(MSR)出口处的过热蒸汽转移到TES，可以获得最大的热力学效益。TES通过优化的二次循环来释放峰值功率。在典型的充气质量流量下，与蒸汽旁路相比，TES的容量系数提高了15%。将蒸汽从蒸汽发生器转移到TES充电并将TES排放到一次循环的存储选项将排放功率扩展到较低的范围，并且不需要二次循环。在这种情况下，容量系数和效率比蒸汽旁路高达8%。
The intermittency of wind and solar energy can disrupt the dynamic balance utilities must maintain to meet fluctuating demand. This work examines the use of thermal energy storage (TES) to increase the operational flexibility of a baseload power plant and thus incentivize renewable energy and decarbonize the grid. A first and second law thermodynamic model of a nuclear power plant establishes the impacts of TES on the capacity factor and thermal efficiency of the plant. Four storage options, which are distinguished by the location within the cycle where steam is diverted for charging and whether discharge of the TES is via the primary or a secondary Rankine cycle, are considered. TES is compared to steam bypass, which is an alternative to provide baseload flexibility. TES is significantly better than steam bypass. The storage option with the greatest thermodynamic benefit is charged by diverting superheated steam at the outlet of the moisture separator/reheater (MSR) to the TES. The TES is discharged for peaking power through an optimized secondary cycle. TES increases the capacity factor as much as 15% compared to steam bypass at representative charging mass flowrates. The storage option that diverts steam from the steam generator to charge the TES and discharges the TES to the primary cycle extends the discharge power to a lower range and does not require a secondary cycle. In this case, the capacity factor and efficiency are as much as 8% greater than that of steam bypass.