Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to physiological functions.
Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to physiological functions.
复制标题
小脑顶核：从解剖结构到生理功能
DOI：
10.1186/s40673-016-0047-1
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang XY;Wang JJ;Zhu JN
小脑顶核（FN）是小脑中发育最早的核团，是经典的皮质下运动协调器。作为脊髓小脑的最终整合站和输出之一，FN通过投射到内侧降系和眼运动相关核团，在轴向、近端和眼运动控制中占有关键地位。此外，通过与广泛的非运动系统，包括脑干，下丘脑，以及边缘系统中的内脏相关核团的地形连接，FN还涉及各种非躯体功能的调节，如进食，心血管和呼吸，排便和排尿，免疫，以及情绪活动。在临床上，FN损伤或功能障碍导致运动障碍，包括脊髓小脑共济失调和非运动症状。本文就FN的细胞结构、传入和传出神经的解剖学联系、运动和非运动功能以及相关疾病进行综述。我们认为，通过桥接运动和非运动系统，小脑FN可能有助于整合躯体运动和非躯体功能，从而有助于产生协调的反应，内部和外部环境。
Fastigial nucleus (FN) is the phylogenetically oldest nucleus in the cerebellum, a classical subcortical motor coordinator. As one of the ultimate integration stations and outputs of the spinocerebellum, the FN holds a key position in the axial, proximal and ocular motor control by projecting to the medial descending systems and eye movement related nuclei. Furthermore, through topographic connections with extensive nonmotor systems, including visceral related nuclei in the brainstem, hypothalamus, as well as the limbic system, FN has also been implicated in regulation of various nonsomatic functions, such as feeding, cardiovascular and respiratory, defecation and micturition, immune, as well as emotional activities. In clinic, FN lesion or dysfunction results in motor deficits including spinocerebellar ataxias, and nonmotor symptoms. In this review, we summarize the cytoarchitecture, anatomic afferent and efferent connections, as well as the motor and nonmotor functions of the FN and the related diseases and disorders. We suggest that by bridging the motor and nonmotor systems, the cerebellar FN may help to integrate somatic motor and nonsomatic functions and consequently contribute to generate a coordinated response to internal and external environments.