Innovation in wild Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)
Innovation in wild Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-61558-2
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发表时间：
2020-03-12
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Widdig, Anja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amici, Federica;Caicoya, Alvaro L.;Widdig, Anja
创新是解决新问题或找到熟悉问题的新解决方案的能力，众所周知，它会影响人类和非人类动物的适应性。在灵长类动物中，创新的研究大多是在圈养环境中进行的，尽管生活条件的差异可能会影响个体的创新能力。在这里，我们测试了一组野生巴巴利猕猴（Macaca Macacus）的创新能力。在四种不同的条件下，我们向该组提供了几个相同的装有食物的觅食盒。为了了解哪些个人特征和行为策略最能预测创新率，我们测量了操纵盒子和取回食物的个人的身份，以及他们在任务期间的行为。我们的研究结果表明，在新的任务的成功主要是受实验的偶然性和行为策略在任务中使用。个体在一步条件下更成功，如果他们参加更多的试验，接近盒子的延迟很小，主要操纵盒子的功能部分。相比之下，我们没有发现抑制，社会促进和个人特征，如性别，年龄，等级，中心性，对人类的反应，对个人的创新能力的影响。
Innovation is the ability to solve novel problems or find novel solutions to familiar problems, and it is known to affect fitness in both human and non-human animals. In primates, innovation has been mostly studied in captivity, although differences in living conditions may affect individuals' ability to innovate. Here, we tested innovation in a wild group of Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus). In four different conditions, we presented the group with several identical foraging boxes containing food. To understand which individual characteristics and behavioural strategies best predicted innovation rate, we measured the identity of the individuals manipulating the boxes and retrieving the food, and their behaviour during the task. Our results showed that success in the novel task was mainly affected by the experimental contingencies and the behavioural strategies used during the task. Individuals were more successful in the 1-step conditions, if they participated in more trials, showed little latency to approach the boxes and mainly manipulated functional parts of the box. In contrast, we found no effect of inhibition, social facilitation and individual characteristics like sex, age, rank, centrality, neophobia and reaction to humans, on the individuals' ability to innovate.