Optogenetic Potentials of Diverse Animal Opsins: Parapinopsin, Peropsin, LWS Bistable Opsin.
Optogenetic Potentials of Diverse Animal Opsins: Parapinopsin, Peropsin, LWS Bistable Opsin.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-15-8763-4_8
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Koyanagi;Tomoka Saito;Seiji Wada;T. Nagata;Emi Kawano-Yamashita;A. Terakita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Koyanagi;Tomoka Saito;Seiji Wada;T. Nagata;Emi Kawano-Yamashita;A. Terakita
动物视蛋白基色素是光激活的g蛋白偶联受体（gpcr），它通过g蛋白驱动信号转导级联反应。数千种动物视蛋白已被鉴定，分子系统发育和生化分析揭示了g蛋白活化的选择性和光化学性质的意想不到的多样性。在这里，我们讨论了各种动物视蛋白的光遗传潜力，特别是最近被充分表征的三种非标准视蛋白，副视蛋白，peropsin和LWS双稳态视蛋白。不像典型的视蛋白，如脊椎动物视觉视蛋白，通常用于光遗传学应用，这些视蛋白是双稳态的；视蛋白基色素在光吸收后不释放发色团视网膜，稳定的光产物在随后的光吸收后恢复到原来的暗状态。旁视蛋白具有“完全的光再生能力”，这使得信号转导的颜色依赖调节变得清晰。另一方面，peropsin作为一种“暗活性和光失活”的GPCR，以与普通视蛋白相反的方式调节信号转导。此外，蝴蝶LWS双稳态视蛋白是波长敏感最长的动物视蛋白，其吸收最大值在~570 nm处。在哺乳动物培养的细胞中证实了信号转导的性质依赖的光学调节，显示了新的光遗传工具的潜力。
Animal opsin-based pigments are light-activated G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which drive signal transduction cascades via G-proteins. Thousands of animal opsins have been identified, and molecular phylogenetic and biochemical analyses have revealed the unexpected diversity in selectivity of G-protein activation and photochemical property. Here we discuss the optogenetic potentials of diverse animal opsins, particularly recently well-characterized three non-canonical opsins, parapinopsin, peropsin, and LWS bistable opsin. Unlike canonical opsins such as vertebrate visual opsins that have been conventionally used for optogenetic applications, these opsins are bistable; opsin-based pigments do not release the chromophore retinal after light absorption, and the stable photoproducts revert to their original dark states upon subsequent light absorption. Parapinopsins have a “complete photoregeneration ability,” which allows a clear color-dependent regulation of signal transductions. On the other hand, peropsins serve as a “dark-active and light-inactivated” GPCR to regulate signal transductions in the opposite way compared with usual opsins. In addition, an LWS bistable opsin from a butterfly was revealed to be the longest wavelength-sensitive animal opsin with its absorption maximum at ~570 nm. The property-dependent optical regulations of signal transductions were demonstrated in mammalian cultured cells, showing potentials of new optogenetic tools.