Centre De Referència En Economia Analítica Barcelona Economics Working Paper Series Working Paper Nº 58 Price Competition under Cost Uncertainty: a Laboratory Analysis Price Competition under Cost Uncertainty: a Laboratory Analysis
Centre De Referència En Economia Analítica Barcelona Economics Working Paper Series Working Paper Nº 58 Price Competition under Cost Uncertainty: a Laboratory Analysis Price Competition under Cost Uncertainty: a Laboratory Analysis
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巴塞罗那经济分析参考中心经济学工作论文系列工作论文第 58 号 成本不确定性下的价格竞争：实验室分析 成本不确定性下的价格竞争：实验室分析
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通讯作者：
J. Brandts
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作者：
K. Abbink;J. Brandts
本文研究了价格竞争中存在不确定性的企业数量与价格成本边际之间的关系。我们提出了一个实验的结果，在这个实验中，两家、三家和四家相同的公司在这个环境中反复互动。根据理论预测，市场价格随着企业数量的增加而下降，但平均保持在边际成本以上。双头垄断企业的定价不如三头垄断企业和四头垄断企业激进。然而，独立于企业数量，定价比理论均衡时更具侵略性。绝对盈余和相对盈余都随着企业数量的增加而增加。总剩余接近均衡水平，因为通过降低价格而增加的消费者剩余被生产中效率最高的企业偶尔的置换所抵消。
We study the relation between the number of firms and price-cost margins under price competition with uncertainty about competitors' costs. We present results of an experiment in which two, three and four identical firms repeatedly interact in this environment. In line with the theoretical prediction, market prices decrease with the number of firms, but on average stay above marginal costs. Pricing is less aggressive in duopolies than in triopo-lies and tetrapolies. However, independently from the number of firms, pricing is more aggressive than in the theoretical equilibrium. Both the absolute and the relative surpluses increase with the number of firms. Total surplus is close to the equilibrium level, since enhanced consumer surplus through lower prices is counteracted by occasional displacements of the most efficient firm in production.