Psychoeducation:: A basic psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with schizophrenia and their families
Psychoeducation:: A basic psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with schizophrenia and their families
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbl017
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Pitschel-Walz, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baeuml, Josef;Froboese, Teresa;Pitschel-Walz, Gabriele
心理教育最初被认为是一个复杂的家庭治疗干预中众多治疗元素的组合。通过对疾病的初步介绍，病人和他们的亲属应该对治疗有一个基本的了解，并进一步被说服承诺更长期的参与。自20世纪80年代中期以来，德语国家的心理教育已经发展成为一个独立的治疗项目，其重点是在认知行为方法的框架内对关键信息进行教学技巧交流。通过这种方式，病人和他们的亲属应该有权了解和接受疾病，并以成功的方式应对它。达到这一基本水平的能力被认为构成了一个“强制性练习”项目，在此基础上，可以建立额外的“自愿练习”项目，如个人行为治疗、自信训练、解决问题训练、沟通训练和进一步的家庭治疗干预。心理教育希望以尽可能有效的方式将赋予受影响者权力的因素与科学基础的治疗专业知识结合起来。在慕尼黑进行的一项随机多中心研究表明，在2年的时间内，这样的计划与再住院率从58%显著降低到41%相关，并且将住院间歇天数从78天缩短到39天。应向所有精神分裂症患者及其家属提供强制性锻炼计划形式的心理教育。
Psychoeducation was originally conceived as a composite of numerous therapeutic elements within a complex family therapy intervention. Patients and their relatives were, by means of preliminary briefing concerning the illness, supposed to develop a fundamental understanding of the therapy and further be convinced to commit to more long-term involvement. Since the mid 1980s, psychoeducation in German-speaking countries has evolved into an independent therapeutic program with a focus on the didactically skillful communication of key information within the framework of a cognitive-behavioral approach. Through this, patients and their relatives should be empowered to understand and accept the illness and cope with it in a successful manner. Achievement of this basic-level competency is considered to constitute an "obligatory-exercise" program upon which additional "voluntary-exercise" programs such as individual behavioral therapy, self-assertiveness training, problem-solving training, communication training, and further family therapy interventions can be built. Psychoeducation looks to combine the factor of empowerment of the affected with scientifically founded treatment expertise in as efficient a manner as possible. A randomized multicenter study based in Munich showed that within a 2-year period such a program was related to a significant reduction in rehospitalization rates from 58% to 41% and also a shortening of intermittent days spent in hospital from 78 to 39 days. Psychoeducation, in the form of an obligatory-exercise program, should be made available to all patients suffering from a schizophrenic disorder and their families.