The effect of human activities on benthic macroinvertebrate diversity in tributary lagoons surrounding Lake Biwa
The effect of human activities on benthic macroinvertebrate diversity in tributary lagoons surrounding Lake Biwa
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人类活动对琵琶湖周边支流泻湖底栖大型无脊椎动物多样性的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10201-017-0530-2
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Noboru Okuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jun-ichi Okano;Jun-ya Shibata;Yoichiro Sakai;Mana Yamaguchi;Mamiko Ohishi;Yukiko Goda;Shin-ichi Nakano;Noboru Okuda
在水生生态系统中，支流在维持整个流域的水生生物种群和多样性方面发挥着重要作用，但由于其集水面积小，这些生态系统往往更容易受到土地使用变化和水流状况改变的影响。在这里，我们研究了人类活动对底栖大型无脊椎动物多样性的影响，在支流泻湖，统称为“Naiko”，周围的琵琶湖。我们采样的大型无脊椎动物，并确定了20个支流泻湖的环境特征。我们确定了决定大型无脊椎动物多样性的环境因素，并发现浊度显着减少物种多样性。我们评估了导致浊度增加的人为压力，发现流域内人口密度和稻田比例与浊度呈正相关，最有可能是由稻田和城市地区陆源有机物的侵蚀造成的。此外，水闸的存在和连接到主湖的通道长度与浊度呈正相关，这表明这些因素降低了水文连通性并保留了有机物。我们的结论是，景观的变化和人类活动造成的水文连通性下降增加了浊度，这反过来又降低了大型无脊椎动物的多样性。在支流中确定这些因素对于制定生境恢复战略以保护整个琵琶湖流域的生态系统至关重要。
In aquatic ecosystems, tributaries play an important role in maintaining the populations and diversity of aquatic organisms throughout the drainage basin, but because of their small catchments, these ecosystems are often more susceptible to the effect of land-use changes and flow-regime alterations. Here, we examined anthropogenic effects on benthic macroinvertebrate diversity in the tributary lagoons, collectively called “Naiko,” surrounding Lake Biwa. We sampled macroinvertebrates and determined the environmental characteristics of 20 tributary lagoons. We identified the environmental factors determining the diversity of macroinvertebrates and found that turbidity significantly diminished species diversity. We assessed the anthropogenic stressors that contributed to the increase in turbidity and found that human population density and the proportion of paddy fields in the watershed area were positively correlated with turbidity, most likely caused by erosion of terrigenous organic matter from the paddy fields and urban areas. In addition, the presence of sluice gates and the lengths of channels connecting to the main lake were positively correlated with turbidity, suggesting that these factors lowered hydrologic connectivity and retained organic matter. We concluded that changes to the landscape and decreased hydrologic connectivity caused by human activity increased turbidity, which in turn decreased macroinvertebrate diversity. The identification of these factors in tributaries is vital for developing a strategy for habitat restoration to conserve the entire ecosystem of the Lake Biwa basin.