Sexual Orientation Enumeration in State Antibullying Statutes in the United States: Associations with Bullying, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts Among Youth
Sexual Orientation Enumeration in State Antibullying Statutes in the United States: Associations with Bullying, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts Among Youth
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DOI：
10.1089/lgbt.2018.0194
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Stone, Deborah M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Meyer, Ilan H.;Luo, Feijun;Stone, Deborah M.
目的：其目的是评估反欺凌美国各州法规的关联，这些法规列举了性取向与欺凌和其他压力源的接触以及性少数和非性少数青年的自杀意念和自杀企图。研究方法：我们分析了2015年全国学校青少年风险行为调查的数据，这些数据代表了美国公立和私立学校9至12年级的学生。我们回顾了每个州的反欺凌法规，并对它们进行了分类。结果如下：列举性取向的反欺凌州法律与自杀企图和需要医疗照顾的严重企图的风险较低以及强迫性交的风险较低有关。它们也与在学校或上学或放学途中的安全感有关。结果没有性别取向的差异。结论：列举性取向与减少压力和自杀企图有关，但这不足以消除基于性取向的重大差异。需要更多的政策和做法来解决在遭受欺凌和自杀行为方面持续存在的性取向差异。
Purpose: The aim was to assess the associations of antibullying U.S. state statutes that enumerate sexual orientation with exposure to bullying and other stressors and with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in sexual minority and non sexual minority youth. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2015 national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey, representative of 9th through 12th grade students attending public and private schools in the United States. We reviewed each state's antibullying statutes and classified them on enumeration. Results: Antibullying state laws that enumerate sexual orientation were associated with lower risk for suicide attempts and serious attempts requiring medical attention and lower risk for forced sexual intercourse. They were also associated with feeling safe at school or on the way to or from school. Results did not differ by sexual orientation. Conclusions: Enumeration of sexual orientation was associated with reduced stressors and suicide attempts, but it is insufficient to remove significant disparities based on sexual orientation. Additional policies and practices are required to address persistent sexual orientation disparities in exposure to bullying and suicidal behavior.