Environmental controls on the post-Permian recovery of benthic, tropical marine ecosystems in western Palaeotethys (Aggtelek Karst, Hungary)
Environmental controls on the post-Permian recovery of benthic, tropical marine ecosystems in western Palaeotethys (Aggtelek Karst, Hungary)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.004
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发表时间：
2015-12-15
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Twitchett, Richard J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, William J.;Danise, Silvia;Twitchett, Richard J.
二叠纪晚期的气候变暖与显生宙最严重的大规模灭绝事件以及浅陆架环境中缺氧和缺氧条件的扩大有关。据推测，波浪曝气在最浅环境中提供了一个“宜居带”，使三叠纪早期的底栖无脊椎动物得以生存和快速恢复。我们通过研究匈牙利阿格泰莱克喀斯特地区的岩石和化石记录来检验这一假设。 Bodvaszilas 砂岩地层以及 Szin Marl 地层 A 和 D 单元记录的近岸环境的特点是分类学上同质的化石组合低多样性和低均匀度。这种环境下的生态和分类学恢复受到持续的环境压力的阻碍。这种压力归因于早三叠世期间气候变暖导致径流增加，导致盐度波动大、沉积率增加和富营养化，导致季节性缺氧和只对机会性类群有利的环境。相比之下，离岸较远的浅滩和中坡道环境的特点是动物群多样性高，功能复杂性更大。在晚斯帕蒂蒂罗利特斯卡米奥利库斯带之前，贝壳化石和遗迹化石仅限于波浪活动充气的环境，这支持了宜居带假说。然而，在Tirolites camiolicus区，氧气最低区向近海退缩，宜居的较深陆架环境迅速被浅水类群殖民，研究中记录的最高水平的多样性和生物扰动证明了这一点。在当地，直到伊利里亚时期，随着海绵礁复合体的建立，海洋生态系统才得以完全恢复。皇冠版权所有 (C) 2015 由 Elsevier B.V 出版。这是一篇基于 CC BY 许可证 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 的开放获取文章。
Climate warming during the late Permian is associated with the most severe mass extinction event of the Phanerozoic, and the expansion of hypoxic and anoxic conditions in shallow shelf settings. It has been hypothesised that wave aeration provided a 'habitable zone' in the shallowest environments that allowed the survival and rapid recovery of benthic invertebrates during the Early Triassic. We test this hypothesis by studying the rock and fossil records of the Aggtelek Karst, Hungary. Nearshore settings recorded in the Bodvaszilas Sandstone Formation and units A and D of the Szin Marl Formation are characterised by taxonomically homogenous fossil assemblages of low diversity and low evenness. Ecological and taxonomic recovery in this environmental setting was hampered by persistent environmental stress. This stress is attributed to increased runoff related to climate warming during the Early Triassic that resulted in large salinity fluctuations, increased sedimentation rates and eutrophication that led to seasonal hypoxia and an environment only favourable for opportunistic taxa. In contrast, shoal and mid-ramp settings further offshore are characterised by high diversity faunas with a greater functional complexity. Prior to the late Spathian Tirolites camiolicus Zone, the shelly fossils and trace fossils are limited to settings aerated by wave activity, which supports the habitable zone hypothesis. In the Tirolites camiolicus Zone, however, the oxygen minimum zone retreats offshore and the habitable deeper shelf settings are rapidly colonised by shallow water taxa, evidenced by the highest levels of diversity and bioturbation recorded in the study. Locally, full recovery of marine ecosystems is not recorded until the Illyrian, with the establishment of a sponge reef complex. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).