Underemployment and alcohol misuse in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Underemployment and alcohol misuse in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1998.59.669
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Prause, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dooley, D;Prause, J
目的：本研究测量了失业和就业不足对酒精滥用的影响。方法：在1984-85年和1988-89年对全国青年纵向调查的一组受访者进行了研究。在每对年份中，就业变化的影响（例如，在第一年，对控制滥用酒精的情况进行了评估。酒精滥用有两种方式：症状加重和大量饮酒。分析了三份样品：一个核心样本为2，441人，在两对年份中都可用（约65%为男性），两个扩展样本包括一对年份中的所有人，但不包括另一对年份（1984-85年n = 4，183，1988-89年n = 3，926）。结果如下：1984- 1985年的分析显示，就业的不利变化与酒精症状和酗酒（后者受先前酗酒的影响）都有显著的关联。1988-89年的分析发现，在核心样本中，就业的不利变化与酗酒之间没有关系，就业的不利变化对症状也没有主要影响，但他们确实揭示了涉及先前症状（核心样本）和婚姻状况（扩展样本）的相互作用。结论：对这些影响随着时间的推移而下降的几种解释进行了考虑，包括测量可靠性、统计功效、经济环境和受访者成熟度的变化。这些结果证实了先前的研究结果，即失业会增加滥用酒精的风险，提供了新的证据表明两种类型的就业不足（非自愿兼职和贫困水平工资）也会增加这种风险，并表明这些影响随时间而变化。
Objective: This study measured the impact of unemployment and underemployment on alcohol misuse. Method: A panel of respondents from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth was studied in 1984-85 and 1988-89. In each pair of years, the effect of employment change (e.g., becoming underemployed) on alcohol misuse was assessed controlling for misuse in the first year. Alcohol misuse was operationalized in two ways: elevated symptoms and heavy drinking. Three samples were analyzed: a core sample of 2,441 who were available in both pairs of years (approximately 65% male) and two extended samples that included everyone available in one pair of years but not the other (n = 4,183 in 1984-85 and n = 3,926 in 1988-89). Results: The 1984-85 analyses revealed a significant association of adverse change in employment with both elevated alcohol symptoms and heavy drinking (the latter moderated by prior heavy drinking). The 1988-89 analyses found no relationship between adverse change in employment and heavy drinking in the core sample and no main effect of adverse change in employment on symptoms, but they did reveal interactions involving prior symptoms (core sample) and marital status (extended sample). Conclusions: Several explanations for these decreasing effects over time were considered including changes in measurement reliability, statistical power, economic environment and respondents' maturity. These results confirm previous findings that job loss can increase the risk of alcohol misuse, provide new evidence that two types of underemployment (involuntary part-time and poverty-level wage) can also increase this risk and suggest that these effects vary over time.