Intermediate-severity disturbance impacts in a mixedwood forest: A multi-scale analysis
Intermediate-severity disturbance impacts in a mixedwood forest: A multi-scale analysis
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混交林中的中度干扰影响：多尺度分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120582
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dey, Daniel C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis Goode, J.;Narayanan, Anuska;Phillips, David L.;Hart, Justin L.;Torreano, Scott J.;Dey, Daniel C.
森林管理者越来越希望采用栎树-松混合林来实现一系列目标，包括增强生物多样性和抵御全球变化的能力。为了创建并维持所需的混合栎树-松林组成和结构，需要了解自然干扰对林分发育和演替影响的定量信息。风是北美东部最常见的自然树冠干扰，其影响的严重程度和时空尺度各不相同。中等严重程度的扰动（ISD；沿着频繁的间隙尺度和不频繁的林分替换事件之间的分类梯度发生的事件）被假设为混合栎树-松树创建和维护的重要驱动力。我们的首要目标是量化混合栎树-紫锥菊工厂中的中等强度风扰模式。美国田纳西州坎伯兰高原的森林。具体来说，我们的目标是：1）量化干扰后的物种组成、林分结构和残留树木空间模式，2）推断单棵树、邻里和特定地点对树木死亡率的影响，3）描述 ISD 创建的树冠开口的频率、大小、形状和空间分布。我们对森林中以紫锥菊为主、受干扰影响的部分的地块进行了清查。为了推断影响生存概率的个体树和空间显式邻域特征，我们应用了随机森林分类算法。为了记录干扰前后树木空间分布的变化，我们使用了空间点模式分析。为了表征森林规模的干扰模式，我们对高分辨率正射影像的树冠间隙进行了分类。生存最重要的预测因素是基底面积、分类群和到最近邻居的距离。干扰前树和残差在空间上随机分布。大多数检测到的开口面积为 50–150 m2，开口尺寸频率分布呈倒 J 形。森林中的开口在空间上聚集，距离 < 200 米且形状复杂。我们对自然干扰后造林条目的频率、大小、形状和空间分布提供定量建议。为了模拟自然干扰模式，我们建议对种子树采伐进行保留或对砍伐进行保留，这些采伐产生的开口应集中（即聚集）在林分的部分，其中 P.紫锥菊是最具统治力和/或最具竞争力的。还可能需要使用规定的火、除草剂和/或机械疏伐进行场地整备，以准备苗床并减少硬木竞争，以有利于松树在开口处生长。
MixedQuercus-Pinusstands are increasingly desired by forest managers to achieve a range of objectives, including biodiversity enhancement and resilience to global change. To create and perpetuate desired mixedQuercus-Pinusstand composition and structure, quantitative information on natural disturbance impacts on stand development and succession is necessary. Wind is the most common natural canopy disturbance in eastern North America, and impacts vary in severity and spatiotemporal scales. Intermediate-severity disturbance (ISD; events that occur along a classification gradient between frequent gap-scale and infrequent, stand-replacing events) is hypothesized to be an important driver of mixedQuercus-Pinuscreation and maintenance. Our overarching goal was to quantify patterns of intermediate-severity wind disturbance in a mixedQuercus-Pinus echinataMill. forest on the Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee, USA. Specifically, our objectives were to: 1) quantify post-disturbance species composition, stand structure, and residual tree spatial patterns, 2) infer individual-tree, neighborhood, and site-specific impacts on tree mortality, and 3) describe frequency, size, shape, and spatial distribution of ISD-created canopy openings. We inventoried plots inPinus echinata-dominated, disturbance-impacted portions of the forest. To infer individual-tree and spatially-explicit neighborhood characteristics that influenced survival probability, we applied a random forest classification algorithm. To document changes in tree spatial distribution before and after disturbance, we used spatial point pattern analysis. To characterize forest-scale disturbance patterns, we classified canopy gaps from high-resolution orthoimagery. The most important predictors of survival were basal area, taxonomic group, and distance to nearest neighbor. Pre-disturbance trees and residuals were spatially randomly distributed. Most detected openings were 50–150 m2, and the opening size-frequency distribution exhibited a reverse J-shape. Openings were spatially clustered within the forest at distances < 200 m and complex in shape. We provide quantitative recommendations on the frequency, size, shape, and spatial distribution of silvicultural entries patterned after natural disturbance. To emulate natural disturbance patterns, we recommend patch seedtree harvests with reserves or patch clearcuts with reserves, and these harvest-created openings should be concentrated (i.e., clustered) in portions of the stand in whichP. echinatais most dominant and/or most competitive. Site preparation with prescribed fire, herbicide, and/or mechanical thinning may also be necessary to prepare the seedbed and reduce hardwood competition to favorPinusestablishment in openings.
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阿巴拉契亚南部森林遭受飓风相关风扰后的长期恢复动态
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
C. Greenberg
通讯作者：
C. Greenberg
一种对聚类图干图进行点模式分析的技术
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Woodall;J. Graham
通讯作者：
J. Graham
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Battles, John J.;Cleavitt, Natalie L.;Fahey, Timothy J.
通讯作者：
Fahey, Timothy J.
阿巴拉契亚南部栎树混交林树冠间隙的树苗丰富度和组成1
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Hart;J. Kupfer
通讯作者：
J. Kupfer
树木直径和树种对北美东部九次龙卷风破坏的一致影响
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
C. Peterson
通讯作者：
C. Peterson