Fraud in disaster: Rethinking the phases
Fraud in disaster: Rethinking the phases
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101232
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Lane, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aguirre, B. E.;Lane, David
本文重新审视了灾难和犯罪之间的联系，认为一旦灾难的历时性质被明确，两者之间的关系就会变得更加明显。第一部分对国内外关于犯罪和灾难的文献进行了评价，并呼吁对这一主题给予更多的关注。本白皮书的后续部分提供了在灾难中发生犯罪和欺诈的多个证据，以及使用美国司法部关于卡特里娜飓风和英国石油墨西哥湾沿岸漏油事件后报告的白领和其他类型犯罪的初步实证研究结果。研究结果表明，犯罪和欺诈发生在灾难的最早阶段，随着时间的推移，发生类似于白领犯罪的代价更高的犯罪的可能性会增加。这一结论要求重新定义灾害的各个阶段。
This paper reexamines the link between disasters and crime to argue that the relationship between the two becomes more evident once the diachronic nature of the disaster is specified. The first section appraises the literature on crime and disaster and calls for more attention to this topic. The subsequent sections of the paper present multiple evidence for the occurrence of crimes and fraud in disasters and the results of preliminary empirical research using U.S. Department of Justice information on the reported white collar and other types of crimes occurring in the aftermath of the Katrina Hurricane and the British Petroleum Gulf Coast oil spill. The findings indicate that crimes and frauds occur during the earliest phases of disasters and that the probability for the occurrence of costlier crimes, akin to white-collar crime, increases, as time elapses. The conclusion calls for a reconceptualization of the phases of disasters.