The relevance and prospects of advancing tobacco control in Indonesia
The relevance and prospects of advancing tobacco control in Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.09.009
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Barber, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Achadi, A;Soerojo, W;Barber, S
本文利用已公布的有关消费、经济和立法方面的数据，分析了烟草制品的主要消费国和生产国印度尼西亚的烟草控制情况。鉴于其庞大的人口和吸烟率，印度尼西亚在全球烟草消费最高的国家中排名第五。超过62%的印尼成年男性经常吸烟，导致非传染性疾病的负担日益加重，对医疗保健系统的需求也越来越大。然而，多年来，烟草控制政策在政治和公共卫生议程上的地位仍然很低。原因之一是烟草对政府收入和就业的贡献，特别是在工业部门。但自20世纪70年代以来，烟草业在制造业就业中的重要性已从38%大幅下降，而今天则为5.6%。1970年代以来烟草的广泛使用以及随之而来的非传染性疾病负担，使人们对过去十年烟草生产的成本和效益有了更平衡的看法。1999年通过了第一项烟草控制条例，2000年和2003年又进行了修订。今天，印度尼西亚对烟草业的行为、广告和促销几乎没有限制。我们研究了在印度尼西亚推进四个具有成本效益的烟草控制战略的相关性和前景：价格和税收措施，广告禁令，清洁空气立法和公共教育。最后，我们对公共卫生界的行动提出了几点建议。(c)2004爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Using published data about consumption, economic aspects, and legislation, this paper analyzes tobacco control in Indonesia, a major consumer and producer of tobacco products. Given its large population and smoking prevalence, Indonesia ranks fifth among countries with the highest tobacco consumption globally. Over 62% of Indonesian adult males smoke regularly, contributing to a growing burden of non-communicable diseases and enormous demands on the health care system. Tobacco control policies, however, have remained low on the political and public health agenda for many years. One reason was the contribution of tobacco to government revenues and employment, particularly in the industrial sector. But tobacco's importance in employment has fallen significantly since the 1970s from 38% of total manufacturing employment compared with 5.6% today. Widespread use of tobacco since the 1970s and the concomitant burden of non-communicable diseases have given rise to a more balanced view of the costs and benefits of tobacco production over the last decade. The first tobacco control regulation passed in 1999, succeeded by amendments in 2000 and 2003. Today, few restrictions exist on tobacco industry conduct, advertising, and promotion in Indonesia. We examine the relevance and prospects of advancing in Indonesia four cost-effective tobacco control strategies: price and tax measures, advertising bans, clean air legislation, and public education. We conclude with several suggestions for action for the public health community. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.