Mobility vs. Affordability as Motivations for Car-Ownership Choice in Urban Fringe, Low-Income Australia
Mobility vs. Affordability as Motivations for Car-Ownership Choice in Urban Fringe, Low-Income Australia
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流动性与负担能力作为低收入澳大利亚城市边缘地区汽车拥有选择的动机
DOI：
10.1108/9780857242341-010
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
A. Delbosc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Currie;A. Delbosc
当收入较低且没有其他交通工具可供选择时，获得就业机会是拥有汽车的主要动机。例如，美国的研究表明，汽车所有权和就业之间存在很强的因果关系（Raphael & Rice, 2002）。其他工作表明，提供汽车作为福利工作计划的一部分可以成功地增加就业（Cervero & Tsai, 2003; Waller & Hughes, 1999），而提供摩托车已被建议作为增加英国农村失业青年获得就业机会的一种手段（Storey & Brennan, 2002）。虽然汽车增加了机动性，但拥有汽车的成本也越来越高。这些都是低收入人群的重要担忧。“强制拥有汽车”是一个术语，用于描述位于交通不便和交通选择有限地区的低收入汽车用户（Banister, 1994; Jones, 1987）。据说，拥有汽车的高成本是“强加”给能力有限的家庭的，因为没有更便宜的交通工具可供选择。在澳大利亚的背景下，“交通贫困”是一个术语，被用来描述低收入家庭，据说“被迫”消费更多的旅行费用超过他们的负担能力（Gleeson & Randolph, 2002）。据说，随着燃料价格的上涨，特别是当抵押贷款利率的上升给住房成本带来压力时，那些受影响的人面临着越来越大的财务压力（Dodson & Sipe, 2006）。
Access to employment opportunities is a major motivation for car ownership when income is low and there are few transport alternatives. For example, research in the United States has shown a strong causal link between auto ownership and employment (Raphael & Rice, 2002). Other work suggests that providing cars as part of welfare to work programs can be successful in increasing employment (Cervero & Tsai, 2003; Waller & Hughes, 1999), whereas the provision of motorbikes has been suggested as a means of increasing access to employment opportunities amongst UK rural unemployed youth (Storey & Brennan, 2002). Although the motor car increases mobility, car ownership comes with significant and increasing costs. These are important concerns for those on low incomes.‘Forced car ownership’is a term that has been used to describe low-income car users located in areas with poor accessibility and limited mobility alternatives (Banister, 1994; Jones, 1987). The high costs of car ownership are said to be ‘forced’on households with a limited capacity to afford them where no cheaper mobility alternatives are available. In the Australian context ‘transport poverty’is a term which has been used to describe low-income households that are said to be ‘forced’to consume more travel costs than they can afford (Gleeson & Randolph, 2002). Those affected are said to be under increasing financial stress as fuel prices increase, especially when an increase in mortgage interest rates puts pressure on housing costs (Dodson & Sipe, 2006).