Fostering advances in interdisciplinary climate science
Fostering advances in interdisciplinary climate science
复制标题
促进跨学科气候科学的进步
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1301104110
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Field
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeffrey Shaman;Susan R. Solomon;R. Colwell;C. Field
气候科学是一个庞大的多学科研究领域，其基础涵盖物理学，化学，生物学，地质学，数学等。前沿的气候研究通常跨越一个或多个基本学科，每个学科都有自己的方法，术语和研究文化。事实上，许多重大机遇和引人注目的科学问题本质上是跨学科的，但学科差异有时会阻碍跨学科研究的综合努力，甚至对科学进步构成障碍。许多跨学科研究人员面临的一个挑战是开发与多个合作伙伴和受众沟通的渠道，每个人可能对如何进行研究有不同的观点，讨论科学的语言不同，甚至出版物和资金来源也不同。
科学总是受益于不同的观点。科学的进步反映了它的适应性和愿意考虑新的想法，结构和方法。新的方法和分支学科经常在更广泛的领域中引入或出现，因为该领域转向解决新的问题或范式（例如，参考文献1、第2段）。即使在一个给定的学科，一系列的方法往往存在进行研究。例如，理论家、动力学建模者、统计建模者和实验主义者都可以为特定问题的研究带来重要而独特的Vantage。将这种多样性的观点结合在一起有利于科学进步，并在既定的子学科（例如，天气学）;然而，较新的分支学科，特别是那些从不同领域的整合中产生的分支学科，可能会在它们的初期努力获得认可。
在气候科学中，这个问题对许多人来说似乎越来越尖锐。随着对气候影响、适应和减缓的兴趣的增加，该领域越来越多地跨学科。事实上，积极从事气候相关研究的科学家群体的学科范围已经扩大。来自宏观经济学、土木工程、农业、传染病等不同领域的科学家...
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][19电子邮件：jls 106 {at}columbia.edu.
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Climate science is a vast, multidisciplinary research field with foundations spanning physics, chemistry, biology, geology, mathematics, and more. Cutting-edge climate research often straddles one or more basic disciplines, each of which has its own methods, terminology, and research culture. Indeed, many big opportunities and compelling scientific questions are intrinsically interdisciplinary, but disciplinary differences can sometimes impede integrated interdisciplinary research efforts and even pose barriers to scientific progress. A challenge for many interdisciplinary researchers is to develop avenues for communication with multiple partners and audiences, each of whom may have different perspectives on how research is to be conducted, different language for discussing science, and even distinct outlets for publication and sources for funding.
Science has always benefited from a diversity of perspectives. The progress of science reflects its adaptability and willingness to consider new ideas, constructs, and approaches. New methods and subdisciplines are often introduced or emerge within a broader field, as that field shifts to tackle new problems or paradigms (e.g., refs. 1, 2). Even within a given discipline, a range of approaches often exists for conducting research. For instance, theoreticians, dynamics modelers, statistical modelers, and experimentalists can each bring an important and distinct vantage to the study of a given problem. Bringing together this diversity of perspectives benefits scientific advance and proceeds with limited impediments within established subdisciplines (e.g., synoptic meteorology); however, newer subdisciplines, particularly those arising from the integration of diverse fields, may struggle for recognition in their nascency.
In climate science this problem appears to many to be increasingly acute. The field is growing more interdisciplinary as interest in climate impacts, adaptation, and mitigation increases. Indeed, the disciplinary breadth of the community of scientists engaged in active study of climate-related research has expanded. Scientists from fields as diverse as macroeconomics, civil engineering, agriculture, infectious disease, …
[↵][1]1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jls106{at}columbia.edu.
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