Value of measurement information: A simple case study on grade change decisions
Value of measurement information: A simple case study on grade change decisions
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测量信息的价值：关于等级变更决策的简单案例研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.measurement.2009.08.008
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
R. Ritala
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heikki Jokinen;R. Ritala
测量系统产生信息以支持决策。测量的附加值取决于所提供的信息在多大程度上改善了决策，因为决策后果的不确定性减少了。通过一个实例讨论了上下文统计决策理论(SDT)中度量信息的价值生成问题。这个例子是一个等级变更决策，概述了在决策制定中确定附加值的原则。我们分别讨论了两种价值生成机制：通过减少后果不确定性而产生的直接价值和通过积累关于后果模型参数的知识而产生的间接价值。第一种机制是解析形式可解的，这允许在分析中比较SDT的配方。我们概述了间接价值生成的分析，并表明即使是在这个简单的决策任务中，分析也相当复杂。提出附加值分析是计量信息系统优化设计的关键。
Measurement systems produce information to support decision making. The added value of measurements is determined by how much the provided information improves decision making as uncertainty about decision consequences is reduced. We discuss through an example the value generation by measurement information in the context statistical decision theory (SDT). This example, a grade change decision, outlines the principle for determining added value in decision making. We discuss separately two value generation mechanisms: the direct value generation by reduced uncertainty on consequences and the indirect value generation through accumulating knowledge about the consequence model parameters. The first mechanism is solvable in analytic form and this allows comparing formulations of SDT in the analysis. We outline the analysis of the indirect value generation and show that even with this simple decision task the analysis is rather complex. We propose that the added-value analysis is the key to optimal design of measurement information systems.