Production and resource use efficiencies in N- and P-limited tropical forests: A comparison of responses to long-term fertilization
Production and resource use efficiencies in N- and P-limited tropical forests: A comparison of responses to long-term fertilization
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DOI：
10.1007/s10021-001-0034-z
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vitousek, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrington, RA;Fownes, JH;Vitousek, PM
在两个站点的土壤发育时序在夏威夷的极端结束，我们调查是否森林施肥对年轻的土壤上的反应是类似的高度风化的土壤，以及是否保持最初的反应后6-11年的施肥。在300年历史的地点施氮（N）和在410万年历史的地点施磷（P）增加了林地净初级生产力（ANPP），从而证实了早期的结果及其被指定为N和P限制森林。沿着ANPP，限制元素的应用一致地增加叶面积指数（LAI），辐射转换效率（RCE），以及叶片和凋落物养分浓度。施肥并没有一贯改变N或P的再转运从衰老的叶子在任何一个网站，但与其他网站上的时间序列和一个共同的花园研究的比较表明，有一个遗传基础低叶片和凋落物营养和较高的再转运在不育的网站与更肥沃的网站。氮限制似乎表现为限制碳增益，长叶寿命和高叶质量单位面积。磷限制的结果在高P-利用效率和施肥后的P吸收量大幅增加，与其他研究的比较表明，在获取和储存P.虽然一般的反应ANPP，叶面积指数，和RCE是相似的两个网站，营养利用的其他方面不同的两个元素的生理和地球化学作用。
At two sites at the extreme ends of a soil development chronosequence in Hawaii, we investigated whether forest responses to fertilization on young soils were similar to those on highly weathered soils and whether the initial responses were maintained after 6-11 years of fertilization. Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was increased by nitrogen (N) application at the 300-year-old site and phosphorus (P) application at the 4.1-million-year-old site, thus confirming earlier results and their designations as N- and P-limited forests. Along with ANPP, application of the limiting element consistently increased leaf area index (LAI), radiation conversion efficiency (RCE), and foliar and litter nutrient concentrations. Fertilization did not consistently alter N or P retranslocation from senescent leaves at either site, but a comparison with other sites on the chronosequence and with a common-garden study suggests that there is a genetic basis for low foliar and litter nutrients and higher retranslocation at infertile sites vs more fertile sites. N limitation appears to be expressed as limitation to carbon gain, with long leaf lifespans and high leaf mass per area. P limitation results in high P-use efficiency and disproportionally large increases in P uptake after fertilization; a comparison with other studies indicates large investments in acquiring and storing P. Although the general responses of ANPP, LAI, and RCE were similar for the two sites, other aspects of nutrient use differ in relation to the physiological and biogeochemical roles of the two elements.