Preempting to nothing: neoliberalism and the fight to de/re-regulate agricultural biotechnology
Preempting to nothing: neoliberalism and the fight to de/re-regulate agricultural biotechnology
复制标题
先发制人：新自由主义和解除/重新监管农业生物技术的斗争
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2007.12.005
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
R. Roff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Roff
2006年8月31日，加州参议院搁置了SB1056法案，该法案将授予该州对种子和苗木监管的管辖权。表面上是为了确保农业和食品生产商的“公平竞争环境”，SB 1056是美国各地起草的一系列立法之一，旨在先发制人地禁止县和市对转基因作物的禁令。在加州，围绕“抢占”的激烈斗争凸显了新自由主义意识形态与行业试图阻止不利监管环境的交织，但更重要的是，这一战略的偶然性和脆弱性。回顾SB1056的历史后，本文探讨了如何利用支持者和主导加州政治哲学之间的摩擦，动员新自由主义的论点，一个多样化的反对运动。然后，本文通过对当前州和联邦监管以及加州政府既得利益的批判性探索，强调了SB 1056的最终影响。我认为，SB1056不仅仅是为积累开辟新的空间，它还可以平息反对的声音，并将权力转移到在财政上致力于技术商业化的机构。
On August 31th, 2006 the California Senate shelved SB1056, a bill which would have granted the State jurisdiction over the regulation of seed and nursery stock. Ostensibly proposed to ensure “a level playing field” for agricultural and food producers, SB1056 is one of a host of legislation drafted across the United States to preempt county and municipal bans on genetically engineered crops. In California, the heated struggle around “preemption” exemplifies the interweaving of neoliberal ideology with industry attempts to prevent an unfavorable regulatory environment, but more importantly the contingencies and vulnerabilities of this strategy. After reviewing SB1056’s history, this paper examines how a diverse opposition movement capitalized on the friction between the neoliberal arguments mobilized by supporters and dominant Californian political philosophies. The paper then highlights the ultimate effect of SB1056 through a critical exploration of current state and federal regulation and the entrenched interests of the California government. I argue that more than simply opening new spaces for accumulation, SB1056 would have muted opposition voices and transferred power to institutions financially committed to the technology’s commercialization.