K(m,n) equations with fifth order symmetries and their integrability

K(m,n) equations with fifth order symmetries and their integrability
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具有五阶对称性的 K(m,n) 方程及其可积性

DOI:
10.1016/j.cnsns.2017.08.023
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Tian Kai
Tian Kai
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tian Kai

文献摘要

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对于K(m,n)方程ut = Dx 3(un)+ α Dx(um),证明了所有非退化(n <$0)的五阶对称性,包括K(m1,1),K(m2,− 1/2)和K(m3,− 2),其中m1 = 0,1,2,3,m2 =− 1/2,0,1,3/2,m3 =− 2,− 1,0,1。对于K(0,− 2),K(− 1,− 2),K(− 2,− 2),K(− 1/2,− 1/2)和K(3/2,− 1/2)这五种研究较少的情形,通过它们与一些著名的可积方程的可逆联系,建立了双Hamilton结构。因此,K(m,n)方程具有五阶对称性的所有情形在双Hamilton意义下都是可积的.有趣的是,它们的哈密顿算子是Dx,Dx 3,u Dx + Dx u和Dx u Dx − 1 u Dx的线性组合,它们是Korteweg-de弗里斯和修正的Korteweg-de弗里斯方程的双哈密顿理论的基本成分。
For K (m, n) equation u t= D x 3 (u n)+ α D x (u m), all non-degenerate (n≠ 0) cases admitting fifth order symmetries are identified, including K (m 1, 1), K (m 2,− 1/2) and K (m 3,− 2), where m 1= 0, 1, 2, 3, m 2=− 1/2, 0, 1, 3/2 and m 3=− 2,− 1, 0, 1. For five less studied cases, namely K (0,− 2), K (− 1,− 2), K (− 2,− 2), K (− 1/2,− 1/2) and K (3/2,− 1/2), bi-Hamiltonian structures are established through their invertible links with some famous integrable equations. Hence, all cases, having fifth order symmetries, of K (m, n) equation are integrable in the bi-Hamiltonian sense. As an interesting observation, their Hamiltonian operators are linearly combinations of D x, D x 3, u D x+ D x u and D x u D x− 1 u D x, basic ingredients in the bi-Hamiltonian theory of Korteweg-de Vries and modified Korteweg-de Vries equations.