CAN DECLINE IN ADULT INTELLECTUAL-FUNCTIONING BE REVERSED
CAN DECLINE IN ADULT INTELLECTUAL-FUNCTIONING BE REVERSED
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.22.2.223
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发表时间：
1986-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
WILLIS, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHAIE, KW;WILLIS, SL
这项研究调查了在14年的时间里，老年人的认知能力下降是否可以逆转。在一项长期纵向研究中，参与者（N = 229，年龄64 - 95岁）被分为归纳推理和空间定位能力下降的（N = 122）和保持稳定的（N = 107）两组。在测试前-测试后的设计中，受试者被分配到5个小时的训练计划，训练一种目标能力的受试者作为对照组，训练另一种目标能力的受试者。结果表明：(a)认知训练技术可以扭转大量老年人在14年期间记录的可靠性下降；(b)这种逆转可以证明有两种能力；（三）训练程序也提高了许多保持稳定的老年人的表现。此外，研究还发现，在空间定向方面的训练改进，对于下降的人比那些保持稳定的人更大，女性比男性更大。
This study examines whether or not cognitive decline in the elderly that has been reliably demonstrated over a 14-year period of time can be reversed. Participants in a long-term longitudinal study (N = 229; aged 64 to 95 (years) were classified into those who had declined (n = 122) and those who had remained stable (n = 107) on the abilities of inductive reasoning and spatial orientation. Subjects were assigned to 5-hour training programs on either ability in a pretest-posttest design that employs subjects trained on one target ability as controls for those trained on the other. Results show that: (a) Cognitive training techniques can reverse reliability documented decline over a 14-year period in a substantial number of older adults; (b) such reversal can be documented for two abilities; and (c) training procedures also enhance the performance of many older persons who have remained stable. In addition, training improvement on spatial orientation was found to be greater for decliners than for whose who remained stable and greater for women than for men.