Comparison of a User-Centered Design, Self-Management App to Existing mHealth Apps for Persons Living With HIV.
Comparison of a User-Centered Design, Self-Management App to Existing mHealth Apps for Persons Living With HIV.
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DOI：
10.2196/mhealth.4882
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发表时间：
2015-09-18
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Brown Iii W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schnall R;Mosley JP;Iribarren SJ;Bakken S;Carballo-Diéguez A;Brown Iii W
有初步证据表明，移动健康（mHealth）应用程序是可行的、有吸引力的，并且是为艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）创建自我管理工具的有效平台。作为当前研究的基础，我们使用焦点小组、参与式设计会议和可用性评估方法进行了形成性研究，为PLWH健康管理应用程序的开发提供信息。形成性研究确定了移动健康应用程序自我管理的以下功能需求：(1)提供者和同行之间的通信，(2)药物提醒，(3)药物日志，(4)实验室报告，(5)药房信息，(6)营养和健身，(7)资源（如社会服务，物质使用，视频推荐），(8)设置，(9)搜索功能。本研究的目的是对PLWH的现有应用程序进行生态审查，并将现有应用程序的功能与我们在形成性工作中确定的应用程序规范进行比较。我们搜索了两个手机应用商店（b谷歌Play和iTunes），总共找到了5606款应用。我们审查了这些应用程序，缩小了搜索范围，总共找到了112个应用程序。其中，我们排除了97款（86.6%）非英语应用（10/112,8.9%）、非HIV关注应用（32/112,28.9%）或仅关注HIV预防应用（2/112,7.8%）；目标医疗保健提供者（26/112,23.2%）；仅提供有关会议日程安排和活动（7/112,6.3%）、筹款人（7/112,6.3%）、特定诊所（7/112,6.3%）、国际或狭隘的本地资源（3/112,2.7%）的信息；或在第一次检索中被确定，但在下一次审查时不再上市（4/112,3.6%）。然后评估符合纳入标准的15个应用程序是否包含我们早期工作中确定的9个功能。在我们最终评估的15款应用中，没有一款具备我们在形成性研究中确定的所有功能。我们确定的应用程序包括以下功能：与提供者和/或同行通信（4/ 15,27 %），药物提醒（6/ 15,40 %），用药日志（7/ 15,47 %），实验室报告（5/ 15,33 %），药房信息（4/ 15,27 %），资源（7/ 15,47 %），设置（11/ 15,73 %）和搜索功能（6/ 15,40 %）。没有应用程序包含营养或健身信息。目前，只有少数应用程序是为PLWH设计的，用于管理他们的健康。在目前可用的应用程序中，没有一个具有PLWH和专家在我们的形成性研究中确定的所有所需功能。这项工作的发现阐明了开发和评估满足PLWH所需功能规范的移动应用程序的必要性。
There is preliminary evidence that mobile health (mHealth) apps are feasible, attractive, and an effective platform for the creation of self-management tools for persons living with HIV (PLWH). As a foundation for the current study, we conducted formative research using focus groups, participatory design sessions, and usability evaluation methods to inform the development of a health management app for PLWH. The formative research resulted in identification of the following functional requirements of a mHealth app for self-management: (1) communication between providers and peers, (2) medication reminders, (3) medication log, (4) lab reports, (5) pharmacy information, (6) nutrition and fitness, (7) resources (eg, social services, substance use, video testimonials), (8) settings, and (9) search function. The purpose of this study was to conduct an ecological review of the existing apps for PLWH and to compare the functionality of existing apps with the app specifications identified in our formative work. We searched two mobile app stores (Google Play and iTunes) and found a total of 5606 apps. We reviewed the apps, narrowed our search terms, and found a total of 112 apps. Of these, we excluded 97 (86.6%) apps that were either not in English (10/112, 8.9%), not HIV focused (32/112, 28.9%), or focused only on HIV prevention (2/112, 7.8%); targeted health care providers (26/112, 23.2%); provided information only on conference schedules and events (7/112, 6.3%), fundraisers (7/112, 6.3%), specific clinics (7/112, 6.3%), international or narrow local resources (3/112, 2.7%); or were identified in the first search but were no longer on the market at the next review (4/112, 3.6%). The 15 apps meeting inclusion criteria were then evaluated for inclusion of the nine functionalities identified in our earlier work. Of the 15 apps that we included in our final review, none had all of the functionalities that were identified in our formative work. The apps that we identified included the following functionalities: communication with providers and/or peers (4/15, 27%), medication reminders (6/15, 40%), medication logs (7/15, 47%), lab reports (5/15, 33%), pharmacy information (4/15, 27%), resources (7/15, 47%), settings (11/15, 73%), and search function (6/15, 40%). No apps included nutrition or fitness information. Currently, there are only a small number of apps that have been designed for PLWH to manage their health. Of the apps that are currently available, none have all of the desired functionalities identified by PLWH and experts in our formative research. Findings from this work elucidate the need to develop and evaluate mobile apps that meet PLWH’s desired functional specifications.