Risks of endemicity, morbidity and perspectives regarding the control of Chagas disease in the Amazon Region
Risks of endemicity, morbidity and perspectives regarding the control of Chagas disease in the Amazon Region
复制标题
DOI：
10.1590/s0074-02762012000200001
复制
发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Junqueira, Angela CV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coura, José Rodrigues;Junqueira, Angela CV
查加斯病在亚马逊地区和其他地方一样，可以被认为是野生动物的地方病或人畜共患病，这是一种人类的意外疾病，当人类进入野生生态系统或当野生锥蝽因光线或寻找人类血液而入侵人类住所时感染。亚马孙地区流行恰加斯病的风险与以下现象有关：（i）大规模砍伐森林，导致野生哺乳动物流离失所，而野生哺乳动物是锥蝽的正常血液来源，（ii）由于需要新的血液来源来喂养，野生锥蝽适应人类住所，以及（iii）已经感染克氏锥虫的人口和家畜从恰加斯病流行地区不受控制地迁移到亚马逊地区。据报告，亚马孙地区爆发了几起严重的南美锥虫病急性病例和慢性病例。旨在避免亚马孙地区流行性恰加斯病的控制措施应包括：改善社区卫生教育，培训公共卫生官员和社区进行病媒和恰加斯病监测，培训当地医生尽快识别和治疗急性和慢性恰加斯病病例。
Chagas disease, in the Amazon Region as elsewhere, can be considered an enzootic disease of wild animals or an anthropozoonosis, an accidental disease of humans that is acquired when humans penetrate a wild ecosystem or when wild triatomines invade human dwellings attracted by light or searching for human blood. The risk of endemic Chagas disease in the Amazon Region is associated with the following phenomena: (i) extensive deforestation associated with the displacement of wild mammals, which are the normal sources of blood for triatomines, (ii) adaptation of wild triatomines to human dwellings due to the need for a new source of blood for feeding and (iii) uncontrolled migration of human populations and domestic animals that are already infected with Trypanosoma cruzi from areas endemic for Chagas disease to the Amazon Region. Several outbreaks of severe acute cases of Chagas disease, as well as chronic cases, have been described in the Amazon Region. Control measures targeted to avoiding endemic Chagas disease in the Amazon Region should be the following: improving health education in communities, training public health officials and communities for vector and Chagas disease surveillance and training local physicians to recognise and treat acute and chronic cases of Chagas diseases as soon as possible.