Small-scale distribution of deep-sea demersal nekton and other megafauna in the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Small-scale distribution of deep-sea demersal nekton and other megafauna in the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.09.021
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Wilson, R. R., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Felley, J. D.;Vecchione, M.;Wilson, R. R., Jr.
利用在大西洋中脊查理-吉布斯断裂带地区潜水的载人潜水器拍摄的录像带，调查了鱼类、大型甲壳类动物、表层动物和固着生物的分布情况以及沿着一系列断面的环境特征。潜水器MIR 1和MIR 2在一个混合沉积物和岩石的区域（开始深度为Ca。3000米）和一个大口袋的深渊般的沉积物（深度约3000米）。4000米）。在较浅的区域，潜水器通过了具有多种游泳动物、表生动物和固着动物的极其不均匀的地形。在第一对下潜中，和平号1号沿着大西洋中脊从3 000米上升到1 700米，而和平号2号则停留在3 000米等深线附近。在这些相对较浅的潜水中看到的游泳动物包括大型和小型的macrourids（Coryphaenoides属），虾（Penaeidea下目），Halosauropsis macrochir，Aldrovandia sp.，长喙反口藻和黑头藻。最后两个更具有和平号1号所到达斜坡上部的特征，因为它沿着大西洋中脊上升到不到3 000米的深度。一些形式的分布似乎与深度和/或硬基板的存在。固着生物，如海绵和大型刺胞动物，更有可能在岩石地区发现。第二次潜水是在深海区域，潜水器经过沉积物覆盖的平原，几乎没有起伏，可计数的生物和特征也少得多。其中最明显的是洞，土丘，小cerianthid海葵，小macrourids和海参底栖动物sp.一些大macrourids和虾也被认为是在这些更深的潜水，以及蹲龙虾（Munidopsis sp.）。海绵和较大的刺胞动物大多与少数小面积的岩石基质有关。洞穴和土丘的分布表明有大规模的图案。在所有的潜水，大多数无柄和epifaunal形式表现出集群分布。然而，大型海参和大型游泳动物的分布往往没有显着不同的随机。(c)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Videotapes from manned submersibles diving in the area of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were used to investigate the distribution of fishes, large crustaceans, epifaunal and sessile organisms, and environmental features along a series of transects. Submersibles MIR 1 and MIR 2 conducted paired dives in an area of mixed sediment and rock (beginning depth Ca. 3000 m) and on a large pocket of abyssal-like sediments (depth ca. 4000 m). In the shallower area, the submersibles passed over extremely heterogeneous terrain with a diversity of nekton, epifaunal forms and sessile forms. In the first pair of dives, MIR 1 rose along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from 3000 to 1700 m, while MIR 2 remained near the 3000 m isobath. Nekton seen in these relatively shallow dives included large and small macrourids (genus Coryphaenoides), shrimp (infraorder Penaeidea), Halosauropsis macrochir, Aldrovandia sp., Antimora rostrata, and alepocephalids. The last two were more characteristic of the upper areas of the slope reached by MIR 1, as it rose along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to depths less than 3000 m. Distributions of some forms seemed associated with depth and/or the presence of hard substrate. Sessile organisms such as sponges and large cnidaria were more likely to be found in rocky areas. The second pair of dives occurred in an abyssal area and the submersibles passed over sediment-covered plains, with little relief and many fewer countable organisms and features. The most evident of these were holes, mounds, small cerianthid anemones, small macrourids and the holothurian Benthodytes sp. A few large macrourids and shrimp also were seen in these deeper dives, as well as squat lobsters (Munidopsis sp.). Sponges and larger cnidaria were mostly associated with a few small areas of rocky substrate. Holes and mounds showed distributions Suggesting large-scale patterning. Over all dives, most sessile and epifaunal forms showed clumped distributions. However, large holothurians and large nekton often had distributions not significantly different from random. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.