Land Surface Energy and Moisture Fluxes: Comparing Three Models
Land Surface Energy and Moisture Fluxes: Comparing Three Models
复制标题
陆地表面能量和水分通量：比较三种模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Xue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jp Schulz;L. Dümenil;J. Polcher;C. Schlosser;Y. Xue
本文对三种不同的陆面方案进行了比较。它们以离线模式运行，大气强迫值与在Cabauw观察到的相同。这一程序允许人们分析模拟中的差异，这些差异不是由不同的大气条件引起的，并将它们与某些模型特性联系起来。对比结果表明，两种模式对地表温度和总净辐射的模拟结果基本一致，与观测结果也符合较好。但在夏季，它们低估了潜热通量，高估了感热通量。不同方案模拟的能量和水文循环分量的差异可能与模型结构的差异有关。地表温度的计算是非常重要的，特别是在昼夜时间尺度上。根据所选择的方案，模拟的表面温度更接近于观测到的辐射表面温度或观测到的几厘米深的土壤温度。如果一个陆面方案要与一个大气模式相耦合，就需要考虑这一点。可以通过根据观测地点的条件仔细校准有关参数来改进地表能量通量的模拟。气孔阻力被认为是一个重要的参数，在确定蒸散量的Cabauw模拟的演变。
Three different land surface schemes that are designed for use in atmospheric general circulation models are compared. They were run in offline mode with identical atmospheric forcing values that were observed at Cabauw. This procedure allows one to analyze differences in the simulations that are not caused by different atmospheric conditions and to relate them to certain model characteristics. The intercomparison shows that the models produced similar results for surface temperature and total net radiation, which are also in good agreement with the observations. But they underestimate latent heat flux and overestimate sensible heat flux in summer. Differences in the components of energy and hydrological cycle as simulated by the schemes can be related to differences in model structures. The calculation of the surface temperature is of major importance, particularly on a diurnal timescale. Depending on the scheme chosen, the simulated surface temperature is closer to the observed radiative surface temperature or the observed soil temperature at a depth of a few centimeters. If a land surface scheme is going to be coupled to an atmospheric model, this needs to be considered. The simulation of the surface energy fluxes can be improved by careful calibration of the relevant parameters according to the conditions at the observational site. The stomatal resistance was found to be an essential parameter in determining the evolution of evapotranspiration for the Cabauw simulations.