Microprocessors for the new millennium: Challenges, opportunities, and new frontiers
Microprocessors for the new millennium: Challenges, opportunities, and new frontiers
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DOI：
10.1109/isscc.2001.912412
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发表时间：
2001-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Patrick P. Gelsinger
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文献类型：
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作者：
Patrick P. Gelsinger
随着设计变得更加复杂，技术扩展更加困难，电源问题更加紧迫，如果业界要继续其微处理器创新的长期传统，“一切照旧”就不再足够了。为了提供系统性能提升和电源管理的手段，必须比过去更加关注计算平台的各个方面——架构、微架构、总线存储器和I/O性能。多线程和多核计算机微架构将提高通用和网络处理器的 MIPS。以事务为中心的服务器处理器将受益于大型片内缓存。需要专用架构和电路技术来提供更高效率的性能。随着 DSP 功能的集成成为实现富媒体通信、计算机视觉和语音识别等应用的必要条件，未来的微处理器将会不断发展。处理自然数据的这些进步将导致计算范式的变化，从今天基于数据、基于机器的计算到明天基于知识、基于人类的计算。随着互联网对企业和消费者的影响越来越大，微处理器将会有新的用途和用户。这一切只能通过有线和无线高带宽互联网连接来实现，在高性能计算机服务器的驱动下，满足互联网经济中的计算需求。
As designs become more complex, technology scaling more difficult, and power issues more pressing, "business as usual" no longer suffices, if the industry is to continue its long-standing tradition of microprocessor innovation. To provide means for system performance advancements and power management, there must be focus on all aspects of the computing platform-architecture, micro-architecture, bus memory, and I/O performance-much more than in the past. Multithreading and multi-core computer micro-architectures will increase both general-purpose and networking processor MIPS. Transaction-focused server processors will benefit from large on-die caches. Special-purpose architectures and circuit techniques will be required to deliver performance with higher efficiency. Future microprocessors will evolve as integration of DSP capabilities becomes imperative to enable such applications as media-rich communications, computer vision, and speech recognition. These advances in processing natural data will lead to a change in the computing paradigm from today's data-based, machine-based computing to tomorrow's knowledge-based, human-based computing. As the Internet becomes more integral to businesses and consumers, there will be new uses for and users of microprocessors. All this can be accomplished only with wired and wireless high-bandwidth Internet connectivity, driven by high-performance computer servers to fulfil the demand of computing in the Internet economy.