THE AERIAL DISPERSAL OF MOLLUSCA
THE AERIAL DISPERSAL OF MOLLUSCA
复制标题
软体动物的空中传播
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a064955
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发表时间：
1965
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
W. Rees
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Rees
在这一点上，我们只能提请注意许多已知的例子，这些例子表明，作为一种传播小动物的手段，它在考虑一般的传播时不能被忽视。在这里，我们不必进一步探讨它与其他传播手段相比的相对重要性，但（就其他传播媒介而言），随着距离的增加，成功传播的次数逐渐减少，这似乎是不言自明的。正如将充分证明的那样，当地的补充和殖民化一直在进行，但远距离传播可能是罕见的，只有在很长的时间间隔内才能成功实现。例如，在温带国家，自末次冰期以来的时间间隔很长，使大多数在边缘生存的物种能够在气候和生态条件允许的范围内蔓延到失去的土地上。时间也有利于不同物种的进化，这些物种通过在岛屿上、在古老的湖泊中、甚至在大陆上广泛分离的、生态上相同的小生境中的隔离而进化;同时，它也有利于通过各种手段在长时间间隔内偶然引入额外的物种，因此，一个动物群所呈现的画面可能是一个非常复杂的画面。
At this point we can only draw attention to the many examples known which indicate that as a means of spreading small animals it cannot be ignored in considering dispersal in general. Without venturing further here into its relative importance compared with other means, it appears axiomatic (as for other dispersal agents) that the number of successful transportations decrease progressively as the distance increases. Local replenishment and colonization goes on all the time as will be amply demonstrated, but distant dispersal is possibly rare and successfully achieved only at long intervals of time. In temperate countries, for instance, the time interval since the last glaciation has been lengthy and has enabled most species which survived on the fringes to spread over lost ground in so far as climatic and ecological conditions allow. Time too has favoured the evolution of distinct species through isolation on islands, in ancient lakes and even on continents in widely-separated, ecologicallyidentical niches; at the same time it has favoured chance introductions of additional species by various means at long intervals, so that the picture presented by a fauna may be a very complex one.