Identifying psychological responses of stigmatized groups to referendums
Identifying psychological responses of stigmatized groups to referendums
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1712897115
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发表时间：
2018-04-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gates, Gary J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flores, Andrew R.;Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.;Gates, Gary J.
27个州定期就边缘化社区的权利进行公众投票和全民投票。然而，直到最近才开始研究这些选民公投对被污名化群体成员的心理影响，关于现有证据的内部有效性和普遍性，仍然存在一些重要问题。目前的研究通过将2012年进行的基于概率的大型样本的调查数据[女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋和/或变性人（LGBT）n = 939;非LGBT n = 31，067]与婚姻平等投票的州的媒体市场广告购买数据相结合来推进这一文献。电视媒体市场跨越了州的边界，确保了在12个州有一群意想不到的人接触到同性婚姻的话语，但他们并不生活在选民公投的州（“媒体市场溢出效应”）。我们利用这种独特的数据结构，将媒体市场溢出效应中的LGBT人群与居住在同一州但没有广告曝光的非溢出市场中的人群进行比较。LGBT人群在情感上受到这些运动的影响，而非LGBT人群则不受影响。在累计有400个广告的市场中，LGBT人群报告压力的可能性比没有接触广告的LGBT人群高34.0%。此外，虽然负面广告引起了悲伤，但积极的广告引起了享受和幸福。因此，关于少数群体权利的公众投票既是少数群体压力和复原力的来源。
Public votes and referendums on the rights of marginalized communities are utilized in 27 states and occur with some regularity. However, research has only recently begun to examine the psychological consequences of these voter referendums for members of stigmatized groups, and a number of important questions remain regarding the internal validity and generalizability of the existing evidence. The current study advances this literature by combining survey data from a large probability-based sample conducted in 2012 [lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender (LGBT) n = 939; non-LGBT n = 31,067] with media market ad-buy data in states where marriage equality was on the ballot. Television media markets cross state boundaries, ensuring that there was an unintended group of people in 12 states who were exposed to the same-sex marriage discourse but who did not live in states with the voter referendum ("media market spillovers"). We take advantage of this unique data structure by comparing LGBT people in the media market spillovers to those residing in the same state but in nonspillover markets with no ad exposure. LGBT people are emotionally affected by these campaigns, and non-LGBT people are unaffected. LGBT people in markets with a cumulative total of 400 ads have a 34.0% greater probability of reporting stress than LGBT people not exposed to ads. Additionally, while the negative ads evoked sadness, positive ads evoked enjoyment and happiness. Thus, public votes on minority rights represent both a source of minority stress and resilience.