Prenatal farm exposure is related to the expression of receptors of the innate immunity and to atopic sensitization in school-age children
Prenatal farm exposure is related to the expression of receptors of the innate immunity and to atopic sensitization in school-age children
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1307
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Braun-Fahrländer, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ege, MJ;Bieli, C;Braun-Fahrländer, C
背景：越来越多的证据表明，环境暴露决定了儿童疾病在生命早期的作用。产前暴露于农业环境通过母亲也可能发挥重要作用。目的：我们试图调查母亲暴露于环境中的微生物化合物丰富的特应性致敏，哮喘的发展中的作用，并在后代的先天免疫系统的相应改变。方法：在与农业和人类生活方式相关的儿童过敏危险因素的横断面预防研究中，通过标准化问卷（n = 8263）和血清IgE测量（n = 2086）评估哮喘和特应性。在子样本（n = 322）中，评估了CD 14和TLR样受体（TLR 2和TLR 4）的基因表达。母体暴露定义通过问卷information.Results：特应性致敏（调整后的比值比，0.58; 95%CI，0.39-0.86）和先天免疫受体的基因表达的母亲在怀孕期间暴露于马厩强烈决定，而目前的曝光有弱得多或没有影响。在这些基因的上调程度和母亲在怀孕期间遇到的不同农场动物物种的数量之间发现了剂量反应关系。每增加一个农场动物物种，TLR 2、TLR 4和CD 14的表达增加1.16倍（95% CI，1.07-1.26），1.12（95% CI，1.04-1.2）和1.10（95%CI，1.03-1.23）。母体暴露于富含微生物化合物的环境中可能会防止特应性致敏的发展，并导致先天免疫系统受体的上调。潜在的机制，通过子宫内环境或表观遗传的操作等待进一步elucidation.Clinical的影响：当评估婴儿的病史过敏的危险因素，还必须注意环境暴露影响的母亲。
Background: There is increasing evidence that environmental exposures determining childhood illnesses operate early in life. Prenatal exposure to a farming environment through the mother might also play an important role.Objective: We sought to investigate the role of maternal exposures to environments rich in microbial compounds for the development of atopic sensitization, asthma, and corresponding alterations in the innate immune system in offspring.Methods: In the children of the cross-sectional Prevention of Allergy Risk Factors for Sensitization in Children Related to Farming and Anthroposophic Life Style study, asthma and atopy were assessed by means of standardized questionnaires (n = 8263) and serum IgE measurements (n = 2086). In a subsample (n = 322) gene expression of Toil-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) and CD14 was assessed. Maternal exposures were defined through questionnaire information.Results: Both atopic sensitization (adjusted odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.86) and the gene expression of receptors of innate immunity were strongly determined by maternal exposure to stables during pregnancy, whereas current exposures had much weaker or no effects. A dose-response relation was found between the extent of upregulation of these genes and the number of different farm animal species the mother had encountered in her pregnancy. Each additional farm animal species increased the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and CD14 by a factor of 1.16 (95% CI, 1.07-1.26), 1.12 (95% Cl, 1.04-1.2), and 1.10 (95% Cl, 1.03-1.23), respectively.Conclusion: Maternal exposure to an environment rich in microbial compounds might protect against the development of atopic sensitization and lead to upregulation of receptors of the innate immune system. The underlying mechanisms potentially operating through the intrauterine milieu or epigenetic inheritance await further elucidation.Clinical implications: When assessing risk factors of allergies in an infant's medical history, attention must also be paid to environmental exposures affecting the mother.