Effects of social support visibility on adjustment to stress experimental evidence
Effects of social support visibility on adjustment to stress experimental evidence
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.92.3.458
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Amarel, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolger, Niall;Amarel, David
先前的田野调查表明，可见的社会支持可能会带来情感成本，而支持行为在以下两种情况下最有效：(a)在接受者意识之外，或(b)在他们意识内，但足够微妙，他们不会将其理解为支持。为了研究后一种现象，作者进行了3个实验，在这些实验中，女性参与者被引导到一个有压力的演讲任务中，一个同伴以可见或不可见的方式提供支持（N = 257）。无形的支持(实际的和情感的)相对于可见的和没有支持减少了情绪反应。可见的支持要么无效，要么加剧了反应性。解释性分析表明，当支持避免向接受者传达一种无能感时，它是有效的。
Previous fieldwork has suggested that visible social support can entail an emotional cost and that a supportive act is most effective when it is accomplished either (a) outside of recipients' awareness or (b) within their awareness but with sufficient subtlety that they do not interpret it as support. To investigate the latter phenomenon, the authors conducted 3 experiments in which female participants were led to expect a stressful speech task and a confederate peer provided support in such a way that it was either visible or invisible (N = 257). Invisible support (practical and emotional) reduced emotional reactivity relative to visible and no support. Visible support was either ineffective or it exacerbated reactivity. Explanatory analyses indicated that support was effective when it avoided communicating a sense of inefficacy to recipients.