CNTNAP2 stabilizes interneuron dendritic arbors through CASK.

CNTNAP2 stabilizes interneuron dendritic arbors through CASK.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41380-018-0027-3
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发表时间:
2018-09
影响因子:
11
通讯作者:
Penzes P
Penzes P
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao R;Piguel NH;Melendez-Zaidi AE;Martin-de-Saavedra MD;Yoon S;Forrest MP;Myczek K;Zhang G;Russell TA;Csernansky JG;Surmeier DJ;Penzes P

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接触蛋白相关蛋白样2(CNTNAP 2)是一个重要的易感基因,与多种复杂的神经发育障碍有关,包括自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)、智力障碍(ID)和精神分裂症(SCZ)。在许多这些情况下,癫痫合并症的存在,以及Cntnap 2敲除(KO)小鼠中的抑制性神经元功能障碍,表明CNTNAP 2可能对适当的抑制性网络功能至关重要。然而,潜在的细胞机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明,培养的Cntnap 2 KO小鼠神经元表现出抑制性神经元特异性简化的树突树。这些改变可以通过在成熟的野生型(WT)神经元中急性敲除CNTNAP 2来复制,并且是由错误的树突稳定而不是生长引起的。使用结构照明显微镜(SIM)和受激发射耗尽显微镜(STED),两个超分辨率成像技术,我们发现纳米CNTNAP 2蛋白定位和树突树枝状模式之间的关系。采用酵母双杂交筛选,生化分析,原位邻近连接试验(PLA),SIM和表型救援,我们表明,这些影响介导的CNTNAP 2的C-末端与钙/钙调蛋白依赖性丝氨酸蛋白激酶(CASK),另一个ASD/ID的风险基因的相互作用在膜上。最后,我们表明,成年Cntnap 2基因敲除小鼠具有减少的中间神经元树突长度和分支,以及皮质膜部分中的CASK水平降低。总之,我们的数据揭示了树突稳定的神经元间特异性机制,这可能为CNTNAP 2相关疾病中抑制性回路功能障碍提供细胞机制。
Contactin associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) has emerged as a prominent susceptibility gene implicated in multiple complex neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), and schizophrenia (SCZ). The presence of seizure comorbidity in many of these cases, as well as inhibitory neuron dysfunction in Cntnap2 knockout (KO) mice, suggests CNTNAP2 may be crucial for proper inhibitory network function. However, underlying cellular mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that cultured Cntnap2 KO mouse neurons exhibit an inhibitory neuron-specific simplification of the dendritic tree. These alterations can be replicated by acute knockdown of CNTNAP2 in mature wild-type (WT) neurons and are caused by faulty dendrite stabilization rather than outgrowth. Using structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED), two super-resolution imaging techniques, we uncovered relationships between nanoscale CNTNAP2 protein localization and dendrite arborization patterns. Employing yeast two-hybrid screening, biochemical analysis, in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), SIM, and phenotype rescue, we show that these effects are mediated at the membrane by the interaction of CNTNAP2’s C-terminus with calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK), another ASD/ID risk gene. Finally, we show that adult Cntnap2 KO mice have reduced interneuron dendritic length and branching, as well as decreased CASK levels in the cortical membrane fraction. Taken together, our data reveal an interneuron-specific mechanism for dendrite stabilization that may provide a cellular mechanism for inhibitory circuit dysfunction in CNTNAP2-related disorders.
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