SPECIFICATION OF CEREBRAL CORTICAL AREAS
SPECIFICATION OF CEREBRAL CORTICAL AREAS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.3291116
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发表时间：
1988-07-08
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
RAKIC, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RAKIC, P
构成人类大脑新皮层的大量神经元是如何从脑室的祖细胞中产生的，然后分布到不同的细胞结构区域的适当层中的，这可以用径向单位假说来解释。根据这一假说，胚胎脑室室管膜层由增殖单位，提供了一个原型地图的前瞻性cytoarchitectonic领域。增殖单位的输出通过神经胶质引导以个体发育柱的形式翻译到扩展的皮质，每个区域的最终数量可以通过与传入输入的相互作用来修改。通过各种先进的神经生物学技术，包括电子显微镜，免疫细胞化学，[3H]胸苷和受体放射自显影，逆转录病毒基因转移，神经移植，和手术或基因操作的皮质发育，提供新的细节细胞增殖的动力学，他们的谱系关系，和表型表达，有利于这一假设。放射状单位模型提供了一个框架，了解大脑的进化，细胞结构区域的包裹的表观遗传调控，并深入了解某些皮质疾病的发病机制在人类。
How the immense population of neurons that constitute the human cerebral neocortex is generated from progenitors lining the cerebral ventricle and then distributed to appropriate layers of distinctive cytoarchitectonic areas can be explained by the radial unit hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the ependymal layer of the embryonic cerebral ventricle consists of proliferative units that provide a proto-map of prospective cytoarchitectonic areas. The output of the proliferative units is translated via glial guides to the expanding cortex in the form of ontogenetic columns, whose final number for each area can be modified through interaction with afferent input. Data obtained through various advanced neurobiological techniques, including electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, [3H]thymidine and receptor autoradiography, retrovirus gene transfer, neural transplants, and surgical or genetic manipulation of cortical development, furnish new details about the kinetics of cell proliferation, their lineage relationships, and phenotypic expression that favor this hypothesis. The radial unit model provides a framework for understanding cerebral evolution, epigenetic regulation of the parcellation of cytoarchitectonic areas, and insight into the pathogenesis of certain cortical disorders in humans.