The intraplate Changbaishan volcanic field (China/North Korea): A review on eruptive history, magma genesis, geodynamic significance, recent dynamics and potential hazards
The intraplate Changbaishan volcanic field (China/North Korea): A review on eruptive history, magma genesis, geodynamic significance, recent dynamics and potential hazards
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板内长白山火山田（中国/朝鲜）：喷发历史、岩浆成因、地球动力学意义、近期动态和潜在危险的回顾
DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.07.011
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Ventura Guido
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Maoliang;Guo Zhengfu;Liu Jiaqi;Liu Guoming;Zhang Lihong;Lei Ming;Zhao Wenbin;Ma Lin;Sepe Vincenzo;Ventura Guido
远离板块边界的大陆火山的地球动力学意义仍然存在很大争议，对比模型支持从地幔底部起源的深地幔柱，或者浅俯冲或岩石圈相关过程。位于欧亚大陆东部内陆的长白山火山区（CHVF）为研究大陆板内火山作用的岩浆来源和地球动力学机制提供了良好的机会。本文通过对长白山火山地质、喷发历史、火山岩和释放气体地球化学资料以及地球物理观测资料的回顾，旨在：（a）重建长白山火山喷发活动的时空演化;（B）确定原始岩浆的来源;（c）描述地壳中岩浆的演化;（d）突出CHVF火山作用的地球动力学意义，（f）分析近期动态，重点是该地区唯一的活火山天池破火山口2002-2005年的动荡事件（最后一次喷发于公元1903年）。长白山火山的喷发活动可分为三个主要阶段：（1）玄武质岩浆的中央喷流和裂隙喷发约始于上新世，高潮在早更新世（约1000年）。5-1（2）大量岩浆（和少量中间岩浆）的多期喷发构成了多成因火山的火山锥（如，天池、望天峨、南佛塔等火山喷发（3.14- 0.01Ma）;公元946年的千禧年喷发（ME）在全新世期间控制了天池火山，并导致其山顶破火山口的形成。小规模的玄武岩岩浆喷发从单一的火山渣锥（和小裂缝）是同时代的天池锥建设阶段（约。1-0.01 Ma）。长白山玄武岩的元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征表明，其地幔源区为富集的、非均匀的，具有亏损地幔（DM）、富集地幔1（EM 1）和俯冲相关物质（如再循环的海洋地壳和沉积物）。在地幔过渡带（MTZ），俯冲洋板释放的碳酸盐熔体与类DM橄榄岩相互作用，形成了以低δ 26 Mg值为特征的碳酸盐橄榄岩。相比之下，EM 1样成分的起源仍然存在很大争议。碱性玄武岩和多成因火山岩中的中-碱性火山岩组成了一个完整的岩浆成分谱，其元素共变和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成均匀一致，受封闭体系分馏作用控制。仅在天池火山口的ME中发现了粗面岩和comendite的次级混合，在MTZ中出现了一个大的地幔楔（BMW）和一个连续的停滞的太平洋板片，这是长白山火山起源的原因。在太平洋板块俯冲动力学的基础上，我们提出了东北亚晚新生代的地球动力学框架，它可以通过以下方式解释现今BMW系统的形成：（a）浅角俯冲（55-25 Ma），（B）板块回滚并下沉到MTZ中，同时沟槽后退（c）MTZ板片的底部化、增厚和变平（15-0 Ma）。从重建的板块运动历史，数值模拟和现代地球物理观测的宝马借给支持我们的约束。
The geodynamic significance of continental volcanoes located far from the plate boundaries remains highly controversial as exemplified by contrasting models that favor either a deep mantle plume rooted from the base of the mantle or, alternatively, the shallower subduction or lithospheric-related processes. The Changbaishan (also referred to as Paektusan or Baekdusan) volcanic field (CHVF), located in the interior of eastern Eurasian continent, provides a good opportunity to constrain the magma origin and geodynamic mechanism governing continental intraplate volcanism. Here, we review the volcanic geology, eruptive history, geochemical data on volcanic rocks and released gases and geophysical observations of the Changbaishan volcanoes with the aim to (a) reconstruct temporal and spatial evolution of eruptive activities, (b) identify source of the primary magmas, (c) delineate magma evolution in the crust, (d) highlight geodynamic significance of the CHVF volcanism, (e) characterize crustal magmatic structure, and (f) analyze recent dynamics with a focus on the 2002–2005 unrest episode at Tianchi caldera, the only active volcano in the area (last eruption in 1903 CE).The eruptive activities of the Changbaishan volcanoes can be divided into three main stages: (1) central vent and fissure eruptions of basaltic magmas started approximately in Pliocene and culminated in Early Pleistocene (ca. 5–1 Ma), forming a shield-like lava plateau; (2) multi-stage eruptions of voluminous silicic (and minor intermediate) magmas constructed cones of the polygenetic volcanoes (e.g., Tianchi, Wangtian'e and Namphothe) between Late Pliocene and Pleistocene (3.14–0.01 Ma); and (3) explosive silicic eruptions [e.g., the Millennium eruption (ME) in 946 CE] during Holocene dominated the Tianchi volcano and led to the formation of its summit caldera. Small-scale eruptions of basaltic magmas from monogenetic scoria cones (and minor fissures) were coeval with the Tianchi cone-construction stage (ca. 1–0.01 Ma). The elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic characteristics of the Changbaishan basalts indicate an enriched, heterogeneous mantle source with components from depleted mantle (DM), enriched mantle 1 (EM1) and subduction-related materials (e.g., recycled oceanic crust and sediments). The interaction between the DM-like peridotite and carbonatite melts released by subducted oceanic slab in the mantle transition zone (MTZ) led to the formation of carbonated peridotite characterized by low δ26Mg values. By contrast, origin of the EM1-like components remains highly debated. The alkaline basalts and intermediate to silicic volcanic rocks from the polygenetic volcanoes constitute an integrated spectrum of magma composition controlled by closed system fractionation according to their element co-variations and uniform Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions. Subordinate mingling between trachyte and comendite has been reported only for the ME at Tianchi caldera.The occurrence of a big mantle wedge (BMW) with a continuous stagnant Pacific slab in the MTZ is responsible for origin of the Changbaishan volcanoes. On the basis of subduction dynamics of the Pacific plate, we present a Late Cenozoic geodynamic framework of NE Asia, which can account for formation of the present-day BMW system via: (a) shallow-angle subduction (55–25 Ma), (b) slab rollback and sinking into the MTZ together with trench retreat (25–15 Ma), and (c) slab bottoming, thickening and flattening in the MTZ (15–0 Ma). Constraints from reconstructed plate motion history, numerical simulation and present-day geophysical observation of the BMW lend support to our …