Factors Affecting Abundance and Damage Caused by Cabbage Aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae on Four Brassica Leafy Vegetables: Brassica oleracea var. Acephala, B. chinense, B. napus and B. carinata
Factors Affecting Abundance and Damage Caused by Cabbage Aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae on Four Brassica Leafy Vegetables: Brassica oleracea var. Acephala, B. chinense, B. napus and B. carinata
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影响四种甘蓝叶类蔬菜上甘蓝蚜、Brevicoryne brasicae 丰度和危害的因素：Brassica oleracea var.
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. B. Tshegofatso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Munthali;A. B. Tshegofatso
甘蓝、大白菜、油菜和埃塞俄比亚芥菜对甘蓝蚜、甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae（L.）在博茨瓦纳哈博罗内的博茨瓦纳农业学院的笼子实验中进行了研究。采用完全随机设计，以品种为处理，每个处理重复四次。将一个新产下的若虫放置在每种栽培品种的四个盆栽植物中的每一个上并进行繁殖。每周记录每个品种上的蚜虫丰度和损害，持续六周。蚜虫的直接计数来估计丰度，而与蜜露的叶片的比例来衡量损害的强度。叶绿素，水分和蛋白质含量和叶片厚度估计和蚜虫的丰度和危害强度的影响进行了测定。所有品种上的蚜虫种群在第三周达到高峰。不同品种间的峰值群体差异显著（P < 0.05），大白菜的峰值群体最大（828.2个/叶），埃塞俄比亚芥的峰值群体最小（307个/叶）。甘蓝蚜对羽衣甘蓝商品叶的影响显著（P < 0.05）。叶绿素含量高的品种;含水量高、叶片厚的菜蚜数量显著低于叶绿素含量低、含水量低、叶片薄的菜蚜数量（P< 0.05），叶片厚、蛋白质含量高、含水量高的菜蚜蜜露危害最大。因此，建议选育低蛋白、低水分、高叶绿素、叶片薄的品种，以减少蜜露危害。
Resistance of four brassica leafy vegetables: kale, Chinese cabbage, rape and Ethiopian mustard to cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) was studied in cage experiments at the Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana. A completely randomised design with cultivars as treatments and four replicates per treatment was used. One newly laid nymph was placed on each of the four potted plants of each cultivar and left to breed. Aphid abundance and damage on each cultivar were recorded weekly for six weeks. Direct counts of aphids were made to estimate abundance while the proportions of leaves with honeydew were used to measure intensity of damage. Chlorophyll, water and protein content and leaf thickness were estimated and their effects on aphid abundance and damage intensity were determined. Aphid populations on all cultivars peaked in the third week. Peak populations differed significantly (P < 0.05) between cultivars, with the greatest (828.2 per leaf) on Chinese cabbage and the least (307 per leaf) on Ethiopian mustard. Cabbage aphids caused significantly (P < 0.05) greater reduction of marketable leaves on kale than on the other cultivars. Cultivars with high chlorophyll; high water content and the thickest leaves had lower abundance of cabbage aphid than those with significantly (P< 0.05) lower chlorophyll and water content and thinner leaves; those with thicker leaves, high protein and high water content suffered greatest honeydew damage. Therefore breeding for low protein and water content, high chlo- rophyll content and thin leaves is recommended because the cultivar produced would suffer low honeydew damage.