Intestinal morpho-physiology and innate immune status of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in response to diets including a blend of two marine microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea and Tetraselmis suecica
Intestinal morpho-physiology and innate immune status of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in response to diets including a blend of two marine microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea and Tetraselmis suecica
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.09.054
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Cardinaletti, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Messina, M.;Bulfon, C.;Cardinaletti, G.
本研究的目的是研究用两种海洋微藻--黄氏拟线虫和猪四棱鱼混合饲料替代分级水平的饲料鱼粉对欧洲鲈鱼肠道形态生理和先天免疫反应的影响。两个完整的饲料配方为等氮和等脂，并通过包括两种微藻的混合物来制备，以取代对照饲料中约15%和45%的鱼粉蛋白。还准备了第四种饮食，其中微藻混合物被豆粕取代。在循环水系统中饲养三组(204+/-12.7 g)的欧洲石斑鱼，每组饲料投喂至视觉饱满超过105天。饲料处理对石斑鱼的体液免疫和细胞免疫参数有影响。饲喂含微藻饲料或富含大豆饲料的鱼，其绒毛高度显著增加，而饲喂富含豆粕饲料的鱼，其肠道上皮厚度显著减少。刷状缘膜酶、麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶-异麦芽糖酶、γ-谷氨酰胺转移酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性不受饲料处理的影响，但在不同肠道中的活性发生了变化。蔗糖酶-异麦芽糖酶、多肽转运蛋白1、钠/钾转运蛋白ATPase和氨基肽酶N基因在摄食微藻的鱼类幽门和肠道近端区域过表达。研究结果表明，以干海生微藻Tischrysis lutea和Tetraselmis suecica混合作为饲料鱼粉的替代原料，并不影响其肠道消化吸收功能。此外，它还增强了非特异性免疫反应，表明它是一种有效的免疫刺激成分。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of replacing graded levels of dietary fish meal by a blend of two marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea and Tetraselmis suecica on intestinal morpho-physiology and innate immune response in European sea bass. Two complete diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and isolipidic and prepared by including a blend of the two microalgae, to replace approximately 15 and 45% fish meal protein of the control diet. A fourth diet, where the microalgae mix was substituted by soybean meal, was also prepared. Each diet was offered until visual satiety over 105 days to triplicated groups of European sea bass (204 +/- 12.7 g), kept in a recirculating marine water system.The humoral and cellular innate immune parameters of E. sea bass were affected by the dietary treatment. Fish fed the microalgae-containing or the soybean rich diets, showed a significantly greater villi height, while the thickness of intestinal epithelium was significantly reduced in fish fed the soybean meal-rich diet. The activity of the brush border membrane enzymes, maltase, sucrase-isomaltase, gamma-glutamil transferase and alkaline phosphatase was not affected by dietary treatment but changed in different intestinal tracts. The genes sucrase-isomaltase, peptide transporter 1, sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase and aminopeptidase N were over-expressed in the pyloric and proximal region of the intestine of fish fed the microalgae-including diets. In conclusion, a blend of dried marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea and Tetraselmis suecica as alternative ingredients to dietary fish meal did not hamper gut digestive-absorptive functions of E. sea bass. Moreover, it resulted in enhanced non-specific immune response, suggesting an effective role as an immunostimulant ingredient.