Experience induces functional reorganization in brain regions involved in odor imagery in perfumers
Experience induces functional reorganization in brain regions involved in odor imagery in perfumers
复制标题
调香师的经验会诱导涉及气味意象的大脑区域进行功能重组
作者：
J. Plailly;C. Delon;J. Royet
培养特定感官领域的专业领域揭示了大脑适应环境变化的能力。调香师是一小部分人，他们声称有一种独特的能力，可以产生嗅觉图像。为了评估这种专业知识对参与气味处理的大脑区域的影响，我们测量了新手和经验丰富的（学生和专业）调香师在闻到或想象气味时的大脑活动。我们证明嗅觉意象激活了所有调香者的初级嗅觉（梨状）皮层（PC），表明在气味感知和想象中激活了类似的神经基质。在专业调香师中，广泛的嗅觉练习会影响后PC、眶额皮质和海马体；在形成气味的心理图像时，这些区域的活动与经验呈负相关。因此，调香师的专长与大脑关键嗅觉和记忆区域的功能重组有关，这解释了他们想象气味和创造香味的非凡能力。Hum Brain Mapp, 2012。©2011 Wiley期刊公司
Areas of expertise that cultivate specific sensory domains reveal the brain's ability to adapt to environmental change. Perfumers are a small population who claim to have a unique ability to generate olfactory mental images. To evaluate the impact of this expertise on the brain regions involved in odor processing, we measured brain activity in novice and experienced (student and professional) perfumers while they smelled or imagined odors. We demonstrate that olfactory imagery activates the primary olfactory (piriform) cortex (PC) in all perfumers, demonstrating that similar neural substrates were activated in odor perception and imagination. In professional perfumers, extensive olfactory practice influences the posterior PC, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the hippocampus; during the creation of mental images of odors, the activity in these areas was negatively correlated with experience. Thus, the perfumers' expertise is associated with a functional reorganization of key olfactory and memory brain regions, explaining their extraordinary ability to imagine odors and create fragrances. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.