The Construction of the Myth of Survival
The Construction of the Myth of Survival
复制标题
生存神话的建构
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. G. D. L. Rocha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. G. D. L. Rocha
一个神话已经形成，即尽管缺乏资源并且存在导致失业和贫困的宏观经济政策，但贫困家庭仍能够生存。它有一个附带的寓言，讲述了穷人如何设法实施生存策略，这些策略基于他们无尽的工作能力、减少消费以及成为互助网络的一部分。这个神话已成为政策制定者设计更积极的新自由主义经济调整政策时的有用工具。本文探讨了关于穷人生活及其家庭组织的人类学和社会学见解，其中妇女的有酬和无酬工作是不可或缺的一部分。文章通过城市贫困和家庭组织领域研究人员的视角，重新审视了好幸存者的寓言。证据揭穿了这个神话，表明这个寓言中的乐观信息与经济变革对妇女生活影响的现实并不相符。但这种神话依然存在，因为超国家政策参与者不希望听到这种更为负面的故事。
A myth has come into being that the poor household/family is able to survive in spite of a lack of resources and the presence of macroeconomic policies that foster unemployment and poverty. It has an accompanying fable that tells of how the poor manage to implement survival strategies that are based on their endless capacity to work, to consume less and to be part of mutual help networks. This myth has become a useful tool for policy makers as they design more aggressive neoliberal economic adjustment policies. This contribution examines anthropological and sociological insights regarding the life of the poor and the organization of their households, in which women's paid and unpaid work is an integral part. Through the lens of a researcher in the field of urban poverty and household organization, the article re-examines the fable of the good survivor. Evidence debunks the myth, showing that the optimistic message of this fable does not match with the realities of the impact of economic change on women's lives. But the myth is sustained, as this more negative story is not one that supra-national policy actors want to hear.