Extra-pulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis in Hong Kong.
Extra-pulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis in Hong Kong.
复制标题
香港的肺外结核和肺结核。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Chan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Noertjojo;Tam Cm;Chang Sl;M. Chan
目的
比较肺结核与肺外结核的特点，描述肺外结核的器官受累、诊断和治疗。
材料和方法
研究对象为一九九六年由香港政府胸肺科（胸肺科）诊治的所有结核病患者。
结果
在接受治疗的5757例患者中，13.7%的患者单独患有肺外结核，8.6%的患者同时患有肺外结核和肺结核。肺外结核在30岁以下和75岁以上的妇女中更为常见。只有6名患者感染了人体免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒），其中2人患有肺外结核。最常见的肺外受累部位是胸膜，其次是淋巴结。粟粒性结核仅占2.9%。淋巴结受累发生在女性明显较高，而胸膜疾病在男性明显较高。治疗持续时间根据疾病部位而不同，仅胸膜疾病的患者较短（6个月），粟粒性、脑膜、胃肠道和泌尿生殖系统疾病的患者>9个月; 80.3%在12个月时完成治疗，85.5%在24个月时完成治疗。在完成治疗的患者中，1.4%在24个月随访时疾病复发;肺部或肺外疾病患者之间没有显著差异。
结论
在香港，肺外结核是常见的，影响22.3%的结核病患者，并且与艾滋病毒感染无关。在最常受影响的器官中存在性别差异。完成治疗者的疾病复发率较低，无论受累部位如何。
OBJECTIVE
To compare the characteristics of patients with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and to describe the organ involvement, diagnosis and treatment of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
All patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis treated by the Hong Kong Government Tuberculosis and Chest Service (Chest Service) in 1996 were studied.
RESULTS
Of the 5757 patients treated, 13.7% had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis alone and 8.6% had both extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was more common in women under 30 and over 75 years of age. Only six patients had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, of whom two had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The most common site of extra-pulmonary involvement was the pleura, followed by the lymph nodes. Miliary tuberculosis occurred in only 2.9%. Lymph node involvement occurred significantly higher in women, while pleural disease was significantly higher in men. The duration of treatment varied according to the site of disease, being shorter (6 months) for those with pleural disease only and >9 months for those with miliary, meningeal, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disease; 80.3% completed treatment at 12 months and 85.5% at 24 months. Of those who completed treatment, 1.4% had a relapse of disease at 24 months follow-up; there was no significant difference between those with pulmonary or extra-pulmonary disease.
CONCLUSION
In Hong Kong, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is common, affecting 22.3% of TB patients, and is unrelated to HIV infection. There are sex differences in the organs most commonly affected. The rate of relapse of disease is low for those who completed treatment, irrespective of the site of involvement.