Personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure of adolescents in the Greater London area in the SCAMP cohort and the association with restrictions on permitted use of mobile communication technologies at school and at home.
Personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure of adolescents in the Greater London area in the SCAMP cohort and the association with restrictions on permitted use of mobile communication technologies at school and at home.
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SCAMP 队列中大伦敦地区青少年的个人射频电磁场暴露情况以及与在学校和家庭允许使用移动通信技术的限制之间的关系。
DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2022.113252
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Schmutz C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schmutz C
射频电磁场（RF-EMF）的个人测量已被用于几项研究中，以确定日常生活中的个人暴露量，但这些数据仅限于青少年，尚未用于英国（UK）。在这项研究中，我们的目的是减少青少年个人暴露于射频电磁场，并研究暴露与学校和家庭限制无线通信使用的规则之间的关联，这些规则可能是为了减少移动的技术的其他影响而实施的我们测量了16个常见频段的射频电磁场暴露（87.5 MHz-3.5 GHz），使用便携式测量设备（ExpoM-RF），在参与认知、青少年和移动的手机（SCAMP）队列研究的青少年子样本中进行测量，来自大伦敦（英国）（n = 188）。学校和家庭的规则进行了问卷调查，并涉及学校的WiFi和移动的电话政策的可用性，以及家长对允许使用移动的电话的限制。青少年使用研究智能手机上的日记应用程序记录他们的真实的时间活动，同时描述他们在日常生活中，在一天中的不同活动和时间的个人RF-EMF暴露。数据分析来自29所学校的148名青少年，他们记录了平均持续时间为47小时的RF-EMF数据。大多数（74%）的青少年在测量期间花了一部分时间在学校。中位总射频电磁场暴露量在家中为40 μW/m2，在学校为94 μW/m2，总体为100 μW/m2。一般来说，在学校或在家里的限制对青少年测量的射频电磁场暴露几乎没有影响，除了在学校时来自移动的手机的上行链路暴露，与在休息时间允许使用移动的手机的学校的青少年相比，在学校不允许使用手机的青少年的上行链路暴露显著降低。这种差异是没有统计学意义的总个人exposed.Total暴露于RF-EMF的青少年生活在大伦敦往往是更高的暴露水平相比，在其他欧洲国家。这项研究表明，学校的政策和父母的限制是没有关系的，在青少年较低的RF-EMF暴露。
Personal measurements of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have been used in several studies to characterise personal exposure in daily life, but such data are limitedly available for adolescents, and not yet for the United Kingdom (UK). In this study, we aimed to characterise personal exposure to RF-EMF in adolescents and to study the association between exposure and rules applied at school and at home to restrict wireless communication use, likely implemented to reduce other effects of mobile technology (e.g. distraction).We measured exposure to RF-EMF for 16 common frequency bands (87.5 MHz–3.5 GHz), using portable measurement devices (ExpoM-RF), in a subsample of adolescents participating in the cohort Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones (SCAMP) from Greater London (UK) (n = 188). School and home rules were assessed by questionnaire and concerned the school's availability of WiFi and mobile phone policy, and parental restrictions on permitted mobile phone use. Adolescents recorded their activities in real time using a diary app on a study smartphone, while characterizing their personal RF-EMF exposure in daily life, during different activities and times of the day.Data analysis was done for 148 adolescents from 29 schools who recorded RF-EMF data for a median duration of 47 h. The majority (74%) of adolescents spent part of their time at school during the measurement period. Median total RF-EMF exposure was 40 μW/m2at home, 94 μW/m2at school, and 100 μW/m2overall. In general, restrictions at school or at home made little difference for adolescents’ measured exposure to RF-EMF, except for uplink exposure from mobile phones while at school, which was found to be significantly lower for adolescents attending schools not permitting phone use at all, compared to adolescents attending schools allowing mobile phone use during breaks. This difference was not statistically significant for total personal exposure.Total exposure to RF-EMF in adolescents living in Greater London tended to be higher compared to exposure levels reported in other European countries. This study suggests that school policies and parental restrictions are not associated with a lower RF-EMF exposure in adolescents.