[Change of bacterial community structure during cellulose degradation by the microbial consortium].
[Change of bacterial community structure during cellulose degradation by the microbial consortium].
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微生物群落降解纤维素过程中细菌群落结构的变化
DOI：
10.13345/j.cjb.180061
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weidong Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shiqi Ai;Yiquan Zhao;Zhiyuan Sun;Yamei Gao;Lei Yan;Hongzhi Tang;Weidong Wang
为了阐明微生物群落组成的动态变化，识别纤维素降解菌群中的关键功能菌，从微生物菌群对滤纸和稻秆的生物降解、底物降解、微生物量和发酵液pH的变化等几个方面进行了研究。我们提取了处于不同降解阶段的微生物群落的总 DNA，对细菌 16 S rRNA 基因的扩增子进行高通量测序。根据分解特性测试，我们将接种后第12小时、第72小时和第168小时分别定义为降解初期、高峰期和末期。微生物群落主要由1门、2纲、2目、7科、11属组成。随着纤维素的降解，菌群中的细菌表现出不同的生长趋势。短芽孢杆菌和Caloramator的相对丰度逐渐下降。梭状芽胞杆菌、芽孢杆菌、地芽孢杆菌和Cohnella的相对丰度逐渐增加。 Ureibacillus、Tissierella、Epulopiscium的相对丰度在高峰期最高。类芽孢杆菌和瘤胃球菌的相对丰度在各个阶段没有明显变化。上述11个主要属均属于厚壁菌门，具有耐热、pH适应范围广、可降解纤维素或半纤维素的特点。在微生物群落降解纤维素的过程中，需氧菌在初始阶段是占优势的功能菌。但中后期厌氧菌相对丰度逐渐增加，并取代需氧菌成为降解纤维素的主要细菌。
In order to clarify dynamic change of microbial community composition and to identify key functional bacteria in the cellulose degradation consortium, we studied several aspects of the biodegradation of filter papers and rice straws by the microbial consortium, the change of substrate degradation, microbial biomass and pH of fermentation broth. We extracted total DNA of the microbial consortium in different degradation stages for high-throughput sequencing of amplicons of bacterial 16 S rRNA genes. Based on the decomposition characteristics test, we defined the 12th, 72nd and 168th hours after inoculation as the initial stage, peak stage and end stage of degradation, respectively. The microbial consortium was mainly composed of 1 phylum, 2 classes, 2 orders, 7 families and 11 genera. With cellulose degradation, bacteria in the consortium showed different growth trends. The relative abundance of Brevibacillus and Caloramator decreased gradually. The relative abundance of Clostridium, Bacillus, Geobacillus and Cohnella increased gradually. The relative abundance of Ureibacillus, Tissierella, Epulopiscium was the highest in peak stage. The relative abundance of Paenibacillus and Ruminococcus did not change obviously in each stage. Above-mentioned 11 main genera all belonged to Firmicutes, which are thermophilic, broad pH adaptable and cellulose or hemicellulose degradable. During cellulose degradation by the microbial consortium, aerobic bacteria were dominant functional bacteria in the initial stage. However, the relative abundance of anaerobic bacteria increased gradually in middle and end stage, and replaced aerobic bacteria to become main bacteria to degrade cellulose.