Effects of Introducing Linseed in Livestock Diet on Blood Fatty Acid Composition of Consumers of Animal Products
Effects of Introducing Linseed in Livestock Diet on Blood Fatty Acid Composition of Consumers of Animal Products
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畜牧业日粮中添加亚麻籽对动物产品消费者血液脂肪酸组成的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
P. Legrand
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Weill;B. Schmitt;G. Chesneau;N. Daniel;F. Safraou;P. Legrand
营养指南建议将必需脂肪酸之间的比例：C18：2n-6/C18：3n-3降至5。我们研究了改变家畜饮食后消费者血浆中脂肪酸(FA)的变化。首先，一项动物技术研究将5%的挤压亚麻籽引入牲畜的饮食中，以取代其他油性成分，并在同等营养价值的基础上。饲喂亚麻籽动物的产品中含有更多的n-3脂肪酸(前体α-亚麻酸及其通过伸长和脱饱和度获得的衍生物)，以及更多的共轭亚油酸。N-6/n-3在黄油中降低了54%，在肉中降低了60%，在鸡蛋中降低了86%。随后，一项涉及75名健康志愿者的双盲、随机、交叉临床研究比较了动物产品消费者的血浆和红细胞FA谱(来自饲喂亚麻籽饲料的牲畜或饲喂标准饲料的牲畜)。它显示出实验人体方案的FA组成发生了改变，增加了C18：3n-3(1.65vs.0.75g/天)，以及更多的n-3衍生物。C18：2n-6/C18：3n-3比值下降(7vs.15)。自愿者血浆C18：3n-3升高(0.93比0.44%)，n-3衍生物和共轭亚油酸也升高。N-6/n-3比例由14.3降至10.2。红细胞中C20：5n-3增加(0.59比0.45%)，C22：6n-3增加(P<0.05)，n-6/n-3由4.2降至3.8。在消费者的饮食习惯没有任何变化的情况下，饲喂亚麻籽饲料的动物的食品导致人类血浆和红细胞脂肪酸组成的显著变化(与Cretan饮食中提到的相当)，并大幅增加共轭亚油酸。
Reducing the ratio between essential fatty acids: C18:2 n–6/C18:3 n–3 down to 5 is recommended by Nutritional Guidelines. We studied the fatty acid (FA) changes in consumers’ plasma following changes in livestock diet. First, a zootechnical study introduced 5% of extruded linseed into the diet of livestock to replace other oleaginous ingredients, and on an iso-nutritional values basis. The products from linseed-fed animals contained more n–3 fatty acids (precursor α-linolenic and derivatives obtained by elongations and desaturations) than control animal products (issued from animals fed without linseed), and more conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). The n–6/n–3 ratio was reduced by 54% in butter, 60% in meat and 86% in eggs. Following this, a double-blind, randomised, cross-over clinical study involving 75 healthy volunteers compared plasma and erythrocyte FA profiles in consumers of animal products (from livestock fed the linseed diet or from livestock fed standard diet). It showed modifications in the FA composition of the experimental human regimen with more C18:3 n–3 (1.65 vs. 0.75 g/day), and more n–3 derivatives. The C18:2 n–6/C18:3 n–3 ratio decreased (7 vs. 15). In volunteers’ plasma, C18:3 n–3 increased in the essay group (0.93 vs. 0.44% of the FA), so did n–3 derivatives and CLA. The n–6/n–3 ratio decreased from 14.3 to 10.2. In erythrocytes, C20:5 n–3 increased in the essay group (0.59 vs. 0.45%) and so did C22:6 n–3. The n–6/n–3 ratio decreased in parallel from 4.2 to 3.8. Without any changes in consumers’ eating habits, foodstuffs from animals fed linseed diets induced significant modifications of human plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid composition (comparable to that noted under the ‘Cretan’ diet) and a sharp increase in CLA.