Economic analysis of animal genetic resources and the use of rural appraisal methods: lessons from Southeast Mexico.
Economic analysis of animal genetic resources and the use of rural appraisal methods: lessons from Southeast Mexico.
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DOI：
10.1080/14735903.2004.9684569
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Anderson, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drucker, A. G.;Anderson, S.
牲畜多样性提供了促进可持续农业发展的遗传替代方案。尽管如此，动物遗传资源（AnGR）正在以惊人的速度耗尽。基于进口品种的生产系统可获得的补贴比本地品种保护的成本高出几个数量级。保护和可持续利用受威胁动物遗传资源的经济论据可以成为为发展适当的有利环境提供支持的有效手段。尽管动物遗传资源保护的经济学很重要，但该主题受到的关注有限。原因包括： 评估遗传资源固有的方法困难；对适当分析技术的了解有限；以及缺乏有关当地品种的数据。随着经济评估的最新进展缓解了方法/分析的限制，数据可用性问题变得至关重要。需要有关牲畜饲养者对不同遗传资源属性的偏好以及跨物种、品种和生产系统对这些属性的重视的数据。基于对墨西哥当地猪品种的研究，本文展示了农村评估方法的使用，与最近开发的分析技术相结合，如何能够提供所需的数据，以了解促进动物遗传资源保护和可持续利用所需的干预措施的类型和成本。
Livestock diversity provides genetic alternatives that facilitate sustainable agricultural development. Despite this, animal genetic resources (AnGR) are being depleted at alarming rates. Subsidises available to production systems based on imported breeds are of several orders of magnitude greater than the costs of local breed conservation. Economic arguments for the conservation and sustainable use of threatened AnGR can be an effective means of establishing support for the development of appropriate enabling environments. Despite the importance of the economics of AnGR conservation, the subject has received limited attention. Reasons include: methodological difficulties inherent in valuing genetic resources; limited knowledge about appropriate analytical techniques; and lack of data regarding local breeds. As recent advances in economic valuation have eased methodological/analytical constraints, the issue of data availability has become critical. Data related to livestock keepers' preferences for different genetic resource attributes and the value placed on these across species, breeds and production systems are needed. Based on a study of a local pig breed in Mexico, this paper shows how the use of rural appraisal methods, in conjunction with recently developed analytical techniques, are capable of providing the data required for understanding the type and costs of interventions necessary to promote the conservation and sustainable use of AnGR.