Microbial laboratory evolution in the era of genome-scale science.
Microbial laboratory evolution in the era of genome-scale science.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/msb.2011.42
复制
发表时间：
2011-07-05
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DNA测序、高通量技术和遗传操作系统的进步使得对适应性进化的分子和基因组基础的实证研究成为可能。这篇综述讨论了从对进化过程的直接观察中学到的关键见解。实验室进化研究通过直接观察进化过程提供了基本的生物学见解。它们不仅能够测试进化理论和原理，而且还可以应用于代谢工程和人类健康。基因组规模的工具通过提供对适应的遗传基础和生物体基因表达状态变化的完全确定，正在为实验室进化的研究带来革命性的变化。在这里，我们回顾了围绕实验室进化研究的四个中心主题的研究：(1)适应的遗传基础；(2)突变对编码调控中心的基因的重要性；(3)适应性进化是一个优化过程的观点；以及(4)实验室种群进化的动态。
Advances in DNA sequencing, high-throughput technologies, and genetic manipulation systems have enabled empirical studies of the molecular and genomic bases of adaptive evolution. This review discusses key insights learned from direct observation of the evolution process. Laboratory evolution studies provide fundamental biological insight through direct observation of the evolution process. They not only enable testing of evolutionary theory and principles, but also have applications to metabolic engineering and human health. Genome-scale tools are revolutionizing studies of laboratory evolution by providing complete determination of the genetic basis of adaptation and the changes in the organism's gene expression state. Here, we review studies centered on four central themes of laboratory evolution studies: (1) the genetic basis of adaptation; (2) the importance of mutations to genes that encode regulatory hubs; (3) the view of adaptive evolution as an optimization process; and (4) the dynamics with which laboratory populations evolve.