Crossing habitat boundaries: coupling dynamics of ecosystems through complex life cycles.
Crossing habitat boundaries: coupling dynamics of ecosystems through complex life cycles.
复制标题
跨越栖息地边界：通过复杂的生命周期耦合生态系统的动态。
作者：
S. Schreiber;V. Rudolf
生态系统通常通过消费者与复杂生命周期（CLC）间接相连，其中不同的生命阶段居住在不同的生态系统中。使用一个结构化的消费者资源模型，占两个资源对消费者增长和繁殖率的独立影响，我们表明，这种间接的生态系统之间的联系，可以导致替代稳定状态的特点是成年人为主，少年为主的消费群体。因此，生态系统生产力或消费者死亡率的逐渐变化可能导致不同生态系统之间的急剧和突然的制度转变，消费者丰度的滞后和违反直觉的变化。这些反直觉或突然的反应是否发生取决于两个栖息地的相对生产力和消费者的生命阶段居住在被操纵的生态系统。这些结果表明，通过消费者与CLC耦合的生态系统之间的强大而复杂的相互作用，以及需要跨生态系统进行思考，以可靠地预测自然或人为变化的后果。
Ecosystems are often indirectly connected through consumers with complex life cycles (CLC), in which different life stages inhabit different ecosystems. Using a structured consumer resource model that accounts for the independent effects of two resources on consumer growth and reproductive rates, we show that such indirect connections between ecosystems can result in alternative stable states characterized by adult-dominated and juvenile-dominated consumer populations. As a consequence, gradual changes in ecosystem productivity or mortality rates of the consumer can lead to dramatic and abrupt regime shifts across different ecosystems, hysteresis and counterintuitive changes in the consumer abundances. Whether these counter intuitive or abrupt responses occur depend on the relative productivity of both habitats and which consumer life-stage inhabits the manipulated ecosystem. These results demonstrate the strong yet complex interactions between ecosystems coupled through consumers with CLC and the need to think across ecosystems to reliably predict the consequences of natural or anthropogenic changes.